Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia

Fraol Jaleta; Alemayehu Getahun; Getu Bayissa

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13

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Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia

Fraol Jaleta, Alemayehu Getahun, Getu Bayissa

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 7, Issue 5)

Received: 1 July 2019 Accepted: 25 July 2019 Published: 2 September 2019

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Abstract

Back ground: First line antiretroviral treatment failure has led to increased HIV associated mortality especially in resource limited setting. A determinant of First line antiretroviral treatment failure is not well studied in Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify determinants of first line treatment failure among adults living with HIV in western Oromia public hospitals, West Ethiopia. Method: Unmatched case control study was conducted at public hospitals of West Oromia using medical record review. Cases were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were switched to second line ART regimen because of first line treatment failure in the past ten years (2005-2015) and Controls were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were on first line ART for greater or equal to six month in the same years (2005-2015).Data was collected by trained nurses (counselors) using checklists developed from Ministry of Health ART follow up form and entered to EPi data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. To identify determinants of first line anti-retroviral treatment failure, multivariate analysis with P-value <0.05 was done. Results: A total of 115 cases and 345 controls were included in the study. Baseline CD4 measure (AOR [95% CI] = 3.96 [1.84, 8.54]), regimen change due to drug stock out (AOR [95% CI] = 2.54 [1.38, 4.66]), treatment interruption (AOR [95% CI] = 5.09 [2.39, 10.82]), adverse effect of drug (AOR [95% CI] = 8.49 [1.87, 38.42]) and History of opportunistic infection (AOR [95% CI] = 2.15 [1.28, 3.64] were independently associated with first line antiretroviral treatment failure. Conclusion: Intervention for First line antiretroviral treatment failure needs to emphasize on regimen change due to drug stock out, treatment interruption, history of opportunistic infection, adverse effect of drug and base line CD4 <50cell/µ.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 7, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13
Page(s)	71-78
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Treatment Failure, Antiretroviral Therapy, Case Control

References

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APA Style

Fraol Jaleta, Alemayehu Getahun, Getu Bayissa. (2019). Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research, 7(5), 71-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13

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ACS Style

Fraol Jaleta; Alemayehu Getahun; Getu Bayissa. Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia. Am. J. Health Res. 2019, 7(5), 71-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13

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AMA Style

Fraol Jaleta, Alemayehu Getahun, Getu Bayissa. Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2019;7(5):71-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13,
  author = {Fraol Jaleta and Alemayehu Getahun and Getu Bayissa},
  title = {Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {5},
  pages = {71-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20190705.13},
  abstract = {Back ground: First line antiretroviral treatment failure has led to increased HIV associated mortality especially in resource limited setting. A determinant of First line antiretroviral treatment failure is not well studied in Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify determinants of first line treatment failure among adults living with HIV in western Oromia public hospitals, West Ethiopia. Method: Unmatched case control study was conducted at public hospitals of West Oromia using medical record review. Cases were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were switched to second line ART regimen because of first line treatment failure in the past ten years (2005-2015) and Controls were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were on first line ART for greater or equal to six month in the same years (2005-2015).Data was collected by trained nurses (counselors) using checklists developed from Ministry of Health ART follow up form and entered to EPi data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. To identify determinants of first line anti-retroviral treatment failure, multivariate analysis with P-value <0.05 was done. Results: A total of 115 cases and 345 controls were included in the study. Baseline CD4 measure (AOR [95% CI] = 3.96 [1.84, 8.54]), regimen change due to drug stock out (AOR [95% CI] = 2.54 [1.38, 4.66]), treatment interruption (AOR [95% CI] = 5.09 [2.39, 10.82]), adverse effect of drug (AOR [95% CI] = 8.49 [1.87, 38.42]) and History of opportunistic infection (AOR [95% CI] = 2.15 [1.28, 3.64] were independently associated with first line antiretroviral treatment failure. Conclusion: Intervention for First line antiretroviral treatment failure needs to emphasize on regimen change due to drug stock out, treatment interruption, history of opportunistic infection, adverse effect of drug and base line CD4 <50cell/µ.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia
AU  - Fraol Jaleta
AU  - Alemayehu Getahun
AU  - Getu Bayissa
Y1  - 2019/09/02
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 71
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13
AB  - Back ground: First line antiretroviral treatment failure has led to increased HIV associated mortality especially in resource limited setting. A determinant of First line antiretroviral treatment failure is not well studied in Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify determinants of first line treatment failure among adults living with HIV in western Oromia public hospitals, West Ethiopia. Method: Unmatched case control study was conducted at public hospitals of West Oromia using medical record review. Cases were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were switched to second line ART regimen because of first line treatment failure in the past ten years (2005-2015) and Controls were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were on first line ART for greater or equal to six month in the same years (2005-2015).Data was collected by trained nurses (counselors) using checklists developed from Ministry of Health ART follow up form and entered to EPi data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. To identify determinants of first line anti-retroviral treatment failure, multivariate analysis with P-value <0.05 was done. Results: A total of 115 cases and 345 controls were included in the study. Baseline CD4 measure (AOR [95% CI] = 3.96 [1.84, 8.54]), regimen change due to drug stock out (AOR [95% CI] = 2.54 [1.38, 4.66]), treatment interruption (AOR [95% CI] = 5.09 [2.39, 10.82]), adverse effect of drug (AOR [95% CI] = 8.49 [1.87, 38.42]) and History of opportunistic infection (AOR [95% CI] = 2.15 [1.28, 3.64] were independently associated with first line antiretroviral treatment failure. Conclusion: Intervention for First line antiretroviral treatment failure needs to emphasize on regimen change due to drug stock out, treatment interruption, history of opportunistic infection, adverse effect of drug and base line CD4 <50cell/µ.
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Fraol Jaleta

Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Adama Public Health Research and Referral Laboratory Center, Adama, Ethiopia
Alemayehu Getahun

Department of Public Health, College of Medical and Health Science, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
Getu Bayissa

Department of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Health Science, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Fraol Jaleta, Alemayehu Getahun, Getu Bayissa. (2019). Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research, 7(5), 71-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13

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ACS Style

Fraol Jaleta; Alemayehu Getahun; Getu Bayissa. Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia. Am. J. Health Res. 2019, 7(5), 71-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13

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AMA Style

Fraol Jaleta, Alemayehu Getahun, Getu Bayissa. Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2019;7(5):71-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13,
  author = {Fraol Jaleta and Alemayehu Getahun and Getu Bayissa},
  title = {Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {5},
  pages = {71-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20190705.13},
  abstract = {Back ground: First line antiretroviral treatment failure has led to increased HIV associated mortality especially in resource limited setting. A determinant of First line antiretroviral treatment failure is not well studied in Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify determinants of first line treatment failure among adults living with HIV in western Oromia public hospitals, West Ethiopia. Method: Unmatched case control study was conducted at public hospitals of West Oromia using medical record review. Cases were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were switched to second line ART regimen because of first line treatment failure in the past ten years (2005-2015) and Controls were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were on first line ART for greater or equal to six month in the same years (2005-2015).Data was collected by trained nurses (counselors) using checklists developed from Ministry of Health ART follow up form and entered to EPi data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. To identify determinants of first line anti-retroviral treatment failure, multivariate analysis with P-value <0.05 was done. Results: A total of 115 cases and 345 controls were included in the study. Baseline CD4 measure (AOR [95% CI] = 3.96 [1.84, 8.54]), regimen change due to drug stock out (AOR [95% CI] = 2.54 [1.38, 4.66]), treatment interruption (AOR [95% CI] = 5.09 [2.39, 10.82]), adverse effect of drug (AOR [95% CI] = 8.49 [1.87, 38.42]) and History of opportunistic infection (AOR [95% CI] = 2.15 [1.28, 3.64] were independently associated with first line antiretroviral treatment failure. Conclusion: Intervention for First line antiretroviral treatment failure needs to emphasize on regimen change due to drug stock out, treatment interruption, history of opportunistic infection, adverse effect of drug and base line CD4 <50cell/µ.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determinants of First Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment Failure Among Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Western Oromia Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia
AU  - Fraol Jaleta
AU  - Alemayehu Getahun
AU  - Getu Bayissa
Y1  - 2019/09/02
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 71
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190705.13
AB  - Back ground: First line antiretroviral treatment failure has led to increased HIV associated mortality especially in resource limited setting. A determinant of First line antiretroviral treatment failure is not well studied in Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify determinants of first line treatment failure among adults living with HIV in western Oromia public hospitals, West Ethiopia. Method: Unmatched case control study was conducted at public hospitals of West Oromia using medical record review. Cases were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were switched to second line ART regimen because of first line treatment failure in the past ten years (2005-2015) and Controls were adult HIV patients on ART in selected hospitals who were on first line ART for greater or equal to six month in the same years (2005-2015).Data was collected by trained nurses (counselors) using checklists developed from Ministry of Health ART follow up form and entered to EPi data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. To identify determinants of first line anti-retroviral treatment failure, multivariate analysis with P-value <0.05 was done. Results: A total of 115 cases and 345 controls were included in the study. Baseline CD4 measure (AOR [95% CI] = 3.96 [1.84, 8.54]), regimen change due to drug stock out (AOR [95% CI] = 2.54 [1.38, 4.66]), treatment interruption (AOR [95% CI] = 5.09 [2.39, 10.82]), adverse effect of drug (AOR [95% CI] = 8.49 [1.87, 38.42]) and History of opportunistic infection (AOR [95% CI] = 2.15 [1.28, 3.64] were independently associated with first line antiretroviral treatment failure. Conclusion: Intervention for First line antiretroviral treatment failure needs to emphasize on regimen change due to drug stock out, treatment interruption, history of opportunistic infection, adverse effect of drug and base line CD4 <50cell/µ.
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
ER  -

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