Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya

Geraldine Minoo Kyalo; Urbanus Mutuku Kioko

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15

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Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya

Geraldine Minoo Kyalo, Urbanus Mutuku Kioko

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 26 August 2018 Accepted: 27 September 2018 Published: 25 October 2018

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Abstract

Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and mostly affects pregnant women and children under five years of age. It is among the leading cause of deaths in under five years of age with an approximate of 20 percent of all deaths in Kenya. The World Health Organization recommends the use of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLINs) and Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) for prevention of malaria infection. Although several studies have analysed the accessibility, availability, ownership and utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age, information on intra-household factors that influence utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age is very limited. This study investigated the factors that influence use of ITNs and LLINs by children under five years across the country using the random utility model because of the nature of the outcomes which are discrete in nature. The regression results showed that age of household head, household size, gender of child and the head of the household, presence of fever, treatment of net since acquisition significantly affected use of ITNs. The study concludes that these factors hinder use of ITNs by children under five years and therefore presence of an ITN in a household may not guarantee utilisation. The study recommends that efforts be made to increase awareness on the importance of ensuring children under five years sleep under an ITN if reduction in morbidity and mortality in this age group is to be realised.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15
Page(s)	86-92
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Malaria, Under-Five Years, Utilisation, Determinants, Binary Logit

References

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[2]	World Health Organisation (2016). World Malaria Report
[3]	Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey 2015
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[5]	Republic of Kenya (2009). Kenya malaria programme performance review
[6]	Tilson, D (2007). The social marketing of Insecticide Treated Nets in Kenya.
[7]	Atleli, H, Zhou, G, Afrane, Y, Lee, M, Mwanzo, I, Githeko, A & Yan, G (2011). ‘Insecticide treated net ownership, usage and malaria transmission in the highlands of western Kenya’, Research article.
[8]	Graves, P, Ngondi, J, Hwang, J, Getachew, A, Gebre, T, Wosher, A, Patterson, A, Shargle, E, Tadesse, Z, Wolkon, A, Reithinger, R, Emerson, P & Richards, F (2011). ‘Factors associated with mosquito net use by individuals in households owning nets in Ethiopia’, malaria journal, vol.10 no 354.
[9]	Garcia-Basteiro, A, Schwabe, C, Aragon, C, Baltazar, G, Rehman, A, Matias, A, NSeng, G & Kleinschmidt, I (2011). ‘Determinants of Bed Net Use in Children Under Five and Household Bed Net Ownership on Bioko Island, Equitorial Guinea’, Malaria journal, vol.10 no.179.
[10]	Oresanya, O, Hoshen, M., Sofala, O (2008). ‘Utilisation of insecticide – treated nets by under – five children in Nigeria: Assessing progress towards the Abuja targets’, Malaria journal vol.7 no.145.
[11]	Hetzel, M, Gideon, G, Lero, N, Makita, L, Siba, P & Mueller, I (2012), ‘Ownership and usage of mosquito nets after four years of large scale distribution in Papua, New Guinea’, Malaria Journal, vol.11 no.192.
[12]	Bennett, A, Smith, S, Yambasu, S, Janbai, A, Alemu, W, Kabano, A & Elsele, T (2012). ‘Household possession and use of insecticide –treated mosquito nets in Sierra Leone 6 months after a National mass- Distribution campaign’.
[13]	Astatkie, A & Feleke, A (2009). ‘Utilization of insecticide treated nets in Arbabinca Town and the malarious villages of Arbaminca Zuna District, Southern Ethiopia’, Ethiopia Journal of Health development, vol.23 no.3, pp 206-215.
[14]	Biadgilign, S, Reda, A & Kedir, H (2012). ‘Determinants of ownership and utilisation of insecticide-treated bed nets for malaria control in Eastern Ethiopia’, Journal of Tropical medicine.
[15]	Nketiah-Amponsah, E (2010). ‘Mother’s demand for preventive healthcare for children aged under five years: The case of utilization of insecticide treated bed nets in Ghana’, Journal of sustainable development, vol.3 no.2.
[16]	Kenya National Bureau of Statistics & ICF Macro, (2011). Kenya malaria indicator
[17]	Varian. H (1992). Microeconomic Analysis, Third Edition, Norton & company, New York.
[18]	Green, W (2012). Econometric Analysis, Seventh edition, Pearson education limited, London.
[19]	Institute of economic affairs (2011). A cost Effectiveness Analysis: Malaria vector control in Kenya.
[20]	Edward R. Moreya, Vijaya R. Sharmaa, Anne Mills (2003). Willingness to pay and determinants of choice for improved malaria treatment in rural Nepal. Social Science & Medicine 57 (2003) 155–165

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Geraldine Minoo Kyalo, Urbanus Mutuku Kioko. (2018). Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya. American Journal of Health Research, 6(4), 86-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15

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Geraldine Minoo Kyalo; Urbanus Mutuku Kioko. Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya. Am. J. Health Res. 2018, 6(4), 86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15

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Geraldine Minoo Kyalo, Urbanus Mutuku Kioko. Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya. Am J Health Res. 2018;6(4):86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15,
  author = {Geraldine Minoo Kyalo and Urbanus Mutuku Kioko},
  title = {Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {86-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20180604.15},
  abstract = {Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and mostly affects pregnant women and children under five years of age. It is among the leading cause of deaths in under five years of age with an approximate of 20 percent of all deaths in Kenya. The World Health Organization recommends the use of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLINs) and Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) for prevention of malaria infection. Although several studies have analysed the accessibility, availability, ownership and utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age, information on intra-household factors that influence utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age is very limited. This study investigated the factors that influence use of ITNs and LLINs by children under five years across the country using the random utility model because of the nature of the outcomes which are discrete in nature. The regression results showed that age of household head, household size, gender of child and the head of the household, presence of fever, treatment of net since acquisition significantly affected use of ITNs. The study concludes that these factors hinder use of ITNs by children under five years and therefore presence of an ITN in a household may not guarantee utilisation. The study recommends that efforts be made to increase awareness on the importance of ensuring children under five years sleep under an ITN if reduction in morbidity and mortality in this age group is to be realised.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya
AU  - Geraldine Minoo Kyalo
AU  - Urbanus Mutuku Kioko
Y1  - 2018/10/25
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 86
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15
AB  - Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and mostly affects pregnant women and children under five years of age. It is among the leading cause of deaths in under five years of age with an approximate of 20 percent of all deaths in Kenya. The World Health Organization recommends the use of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLINs) and Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) for prevention of malaria infection. Although several studies have analysed the accessibility, availability, ownership and utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age, information on intra-household factors that influence utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age is very limited. This study investigated the factors that influence use of ITNs and LLINs by children under five years across the country using the random utility model because of the nature of the outcomes which are discrete in nature. The regression results showed that age of household head, household size, gender of child and the head of the household, presence of fever, treatment of net since acquisition significantly affected use of ITNs. The study concludes that these factors hinder use of ITNs by children under five years and therefore presence of an ITN in a household may not guarantee utilisation. The study recommends that efforts be made to increase awareness on the importance of ensuring children under five years sleep under an ITN if reduction in morbidity and mortality in this age group is to be realised.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Geraldine Minoo Kyalo

National Treasury, Nairobi, Kenya
Urbanus Mutuku Kioko

School of Economics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

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APA Style

Geraldine Minoo Kyalo, Urbanus Mutuku Kioko. (2018). Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya. American Journal of Health Research, 6(4), 86-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15

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ACS Style

Geraldine Minoo Kyalo; Urbanus Mutuku Kioko. Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya. Am. J. Health Res. 2018, 6(4), 86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15

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AMA Style

Geraldine Minoo Kyalo, Urbanus Mutuku Kioko. Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya. Am J Health Res. 2018;6(4):86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15,
  author = {Geraldine Minoo Kyalo and Urbanus Mutuku Kioko},
  title = {Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {86-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20180604.15},
  abstract = {Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and mostly affects pregnant women and children under five years of age. It is among the leading cause of deaths in under five years of age with an approximate of 20 percent of all deaths in Kenya. The World Health Organization recommends the use of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLINs) and Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) for prevention of malaria infection. Although several studies have analysed the accessibility, availability, ownership and utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age, information on intra-household factors that influence utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age is very limited. This study investigated the factors that influence use of ITNs and LLINs by children under five years across the country using the random utility model because of the nature of the outcomes which are discrete in nature. The regression results showed that age of household head, household size, gender of child and the head of the household, presence of fever, treatment of net since acquisition significantly affected use of ITNs. The study concludes that these factors hinder use of ITNs by children under five years and therefore presence of an ITN in a household may not guarantee utilisation. The study recommends that efforts be made to increase awareness on the importance of ensuring children under five years sleep under an ITN if reduction in morbidity and mortality in this age group is to be realised.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Affecting Use of Insecticide Treated Nets by Children Under Five Years of Age in Kenya
AU  - Geraldine Minoo Kyalo
AU  - Urbanus Mutuku Kioko
Y1  - 2018/10/25
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 86
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180604.15
AB  - Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and mostly affects pregnant women and children under five years of age. It is among the leading cause of deaths in under five years of age with an approximate of 20 percent of all deaths in Kenya. The World Health Organization recommends the use of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLINs) and Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) for prevention of malaria infection. Although several studies have analysed the accessibility, availability, ownership and utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age, information on intra-household factors that influence utilization of ITNs by children less than five years of age is very limited. This study investigated the factors that influence use of ITNs and LLINs by children under five years across the country using the random utility model because of the nature of the outcomes which are discrete in nature. The regression results showed that age of household head, household size, gender of child and the head of the household, presence of fever, treatment of net since acquisition significantly affected use of ITNs. The study concludes that these factors hinder use of ITNs by children under five years and therefore presence of an ITN in a household may not guarantee utilisation. The study recommends that efforts be made to increase awareness on the importance of ensuring children under five years sleep under an ITN if reduction in morbidity and mortality in this age group is to be realised.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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