Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 1, Issue 3)

Received: 28 August 2013 Published: 20 October 2013

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Cameroon has a high concentration of out-of-school youth. Therefore research relating to out-of-school adolescents and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is imperative. This study investigated the perceived barriers to condom use among out-of-school adolescents in Kumba, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study of a probability sample of 405 adolescents aged 15-24 years was adopted. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, at the level 0.05.Most out-of-school adolescents in this study perceived certain barriers to condom use. Up to60.5% perceived that they lacked knowledge on correct condom usage; 58.8% perceived that they would feel embarrassed to buy condoms; 54.2%would feel embarrassed to use condoms; 50.9% would feel embarrassed to ask their partners to use condoms; 70.6% believed that condom usage decreases sexual sensations, making sex less enjoyable for either partner; 70.4% believed that condom use reduces sexual urges; 66.1% respondents believed that condom use could make partner feel un-trusted; 37.8% perceived that should a condom slip off during intercourse, it could land up in the stomach of the female partner; 46.6% perceived that they would be allergic to lubricants used in condoms, and 54.8% perceived that latex condoms cause itching. Being a Christian or a male was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom use, while being a Muslim was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom negotiation. Being a female was associated with increased barrier to condom access. Perceived barriers to condom use were associated with condom non-use. Out-of-school adolescents perceived certain barriers to condom use, and consequently were not using condoms and were therefore at risk of HIV/AIDS transmission.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12
Page(s)	42-50
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Perceived Barriers to Condom Use, Out-of-School Adolescents, Condom Use, Cameroon

References

[1]	UNFPA, Youths and HIV/AIDS Fact Sheet: State of the world population, 2009. From: http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2009/presskit/factsheets/facts_youth.htm
[2]	UNFPA, Country profiles for population and reproductive health: policy developments and indicators, Cameroon,pp. 26-27, 2005. From: http://www.unfpa.org/upload/lib_pub_file/524_filename_Country_Profiles_2005.pdf
[3]	International Youth Foundation. From:http://www.iyfnet.org/document.cfm/748
[4]	N. Imanguli, Youth and the global HIV/AIDS pandemic: Advocates for youth, 2008. From:http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/storage/advfy/documents/fsglobalhiv.pdf
[5]	UNAIDS, and WHO,Epidemiological fact sheet on HIV and AIDS, 2009. From:http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/predefined-Reports/EFS2009/full/EFS2009_HT.pdf
[6]	UNAIDS, and WHO, AIDS epidemic updates. Geneva: UNAIDS, 2010. From:http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
[7]	J. L. Arcand, and E. D. Wouabe, Teacher training and HIV/AIDS prevention in West Africa: Regression discontinuity design evidence from the Cameroon, Health Economics, vol. 19, pp. 36-24, 2010.
[8]	E. J. Kongnyuy,V. Soskolne, and B. Adler, Hormonal contraception, sexual behaviour and HIV prevalence among women in Cameroon.,BMC Women’s Health, vol. 8(19), pp. 1-6, 2008.
[9]	E. E. Tarkang, Age at sexual debut and associated factors among high school female learners in Limbe urban area of Cameroon, GARJSS,vol. 2(7), pp. 163-168, 2013b.
[10]	E. C. Haddison, G.Ngeufack-Tsague, M.Noubom, W.Mbatcham, P. M.Ndumbe, and X.Mbopi-Keou, Voluntary counseling and testing for HIV among high school students in theTiko Health District, Cameroon, Pan Afr Med J,vol. 13:18, 2012.
[11]	E. E. Tarkang, Factors associated with consistent condom use among senior secondary school female learners in Mbonge subdivision of rural Cameroon, JAHR,vol. 5(6),pp. 214-223, 2013a.
[12]	W. Jr. Cates, The NIH condom report: the glass is 90% full, Family Planning Perspectives,vol. 33(5), pp. 231-233, 2001.
[13]	K. Holmes,R. Levine,and M. Weaver, Effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted infections, Bulletin of the World Health Organization. Geneva, June 2004.
[14]	M. Rwenge, Sexual risk behaviours among young people in Bamenda, Cameroon, International Family Planning Perspectives, vol. 26(3), pp. 118-123 & 130, 2000.
[15]	H. Alemu, D. H. Mariam,K. A. Belay,and G. Davey, Factors predisposing out-of-school youths to HIV/AIDS-related risky sexual behaviour in northwest Ethiopia, Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, vol. 25(3), pp. 344-350, 2007.
[16]	L. A. Lema, R. S.Katapa,and S. A. Musa, Knowledge on HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour among youths in Kibaha District, Tanzania, Tanzania Journal of Health Research, vol. 10(2), pp. 79-83, 2008.
[17]	R. Van Rossem, and D.Meekers, An evaluation of the effectiveness of targeted social marketing to promote adolescent and young adult reproductive health in Cameroon, AIDS Education and Prevention, vol. 12, pp. 383-404, 2000.
[18]	B. Njau, S. Mtweve, L. Barongo, R. Manongi, J. Chugulu, M. Msuya, S. Mwampeta, B. Kiwale, J. Lekule, and R. Jalipa, The influence of peers and other significant persons on sexuality and condom use among young adults in northern Tanzania, African Journal of AIDS Research, vol. 5(3),pp. 33-40, 2006.
[19]	S. M. Noar, Behavioral interventions to reduce HIV-related sexual risk behaviour: Review and synthesis of meta-analytic evidence, AIDS and Behavior, vol. 12(3), pp. 335-353, 2008.
[20]	N. Prata, L. Morris, E.Mazive, F.Vahidnia, M.Stehr, Relationship between HIV risk perception and condom use: evidence from a population-based survey in Mozambique, International Family Planning Perspectives, vol. 32(4), pp. 192-200, 2006.
[21]	UNAIDS, Report on the global AIDS epidemic. Geneva, Switzerland, UNAIDS, 2010.
[22]	Bureau Central des Recensementset des etudes de Population (BCREP), Livre "Rapport de Presentation, Cameroon, 2010.
[23]	Kumba Urban Council (KUC), Kumba Urban Council Statistical Year Book, Buea, The National Printing Press, 2000.
[24]	A. O. Adebiyi, M. C.Asuzu, Condom use amongst out-of-school youths in a local government area in Nigeria, African Health Sciences, vol. 9(2), pp. 92-97, 2009.
[25]	E. J. Essien, E.Monjok, H. Chen,S. Abughosh, E. Ekong, R. J. Peters, L. Jr. Holmes, M. M. Holstad, and O. Mgbere, Correlates of HIV knowledge and sexual risk behaviors among female military personnel. AIDS Behav, vol. 14(6),pp. 1401-14, 2010.
[26]	O. Oladepo, and M. M. Fayemi, Perceptions about sexual abstinence and knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention among in school adolescents in a western Nigerian city,BMC Public Health, vol. 11: 304, 2011.
[27]	R. A. Crosby,C. A. Graham, W. L.Yarber, S. A. Sanders,If condom fits, wear it: A qualitative study of young African-American men, Sex Trans Infect, vol. 80, pp. 306-309, 2004.
[28]	R. A. Crosby,W. L. Yarber, S. A. Sanders, andC. A. Graham, Condom discomfort and associated problems with their use among university students, J Am Coll Health, vol. 54, pp. 143-147, 2005.
[29]	L. Hirsch, About birth control: condoms. Nemours Foundation, 2007. From: http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/growth/sexual_health/condoms.html
[30]	A. Kulcrycki, The socio-cultural context of condom use within marriage in rural Lebanon, Stud FamPlann, vol 35, pp. 246-260, 2004.
[31]	P. Tina, Condoms: know the facts, 2008. From: http://www.nhs.uk/livewell/teengirls/pages/condoms.aspx (accessed 14/02/2009).
[32]	S. Manuel, Obstacles to condom use among secondary school students in Maputo city, Mozambique, Cult Health Sex, vol. 7, pp. 293-302, 2005.
[33]	H. A. Voeton, O. B. Egesah, C. M.Varkevisser, and J. D. Habbema, Female sex workers and unsafe sex in urban and rural Nyanza, Kenya: Regular partners may contribute more to HIV transmission than clients, Trop MedInt Health, vol. 12,pp. 174-182, 2007.
[34]	J. Bucardo, S. J.Semple, M. Fraga-Vallejo, W. Davila, and T. L. Patterson, A qualitative exploration of female sex workers in Tijuana, Mexico, Arch Sex Behav, vol. 33(4), pp. 343-351, 2004.
[35]	A. M. Sunmola, Sexual practices, barriers to condom use and its consistent use among long distance truck drivers in Nigeria, AIDS Care, vol. 17,pp. 208-221, 2005.
[36]	S. Thomsen,M. Stalker, and C.Toroitich-Ruto, Fifty ways to leave your rubber. How men in Mombasa rationalise unsafe sex, Sex Transm Infect, vol. 80, pp. 430-434, 2004.
[37]	U. Amazigo, N. Silva, J. Kaufman, and D.Obikeze, Sexual activity and contraceptive knowledge and use among in-school adolescents in Nigeria,International Family Planning Perspectives, vol. 23(1), pp. 28-33, 1997.
[38]	A. Ragnarsson, H. E.Onya, andL. E. Aaro, A young person understands HIV: a qualitative study among school students in Mankweng, South Africa, Scand J Public Health, vol. 37(2),pp. 101-106, 2009.
[39]	P. B. Gray, HIV and Islam: Is HIV prevalence lower among Muslims? Social Science and Medicine, vol. 58, pp. 1751-1756, 2004.
[40]	E. Lagarde, C.Enel, K.Seck, A.Gueye-Ndiaye, J. P.Piau, G.Pison, and S.Mboup, Religion and protective behaviour towards AIDS in rural Senegal, AIDS, vol. 14, pp. 2027-2033, 2000.
[41]	J. G. Schenker, and V.Rabenon, Contraception: Traditional and religious attitudes, Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, vol. 49, pp. 15-18, 1993.
[42]	E. M. Hebling, and I. R.Guimaraes, Women and AIDS: Gender relations and condom use with steady partners, Cad Saude Publica, vol. 20, pp.1211-1218, 2004.
[43]	I. Khan,N. Hudson-Rodd, and S.Saggers, Safer sex or pleasurable sex? Rethinking condom use in the AIDS era, Sex Health, vol. 1, pp. 217-225, 2004.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang. (2013). Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon. American Journal of Health Research, 1(3), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang. Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon. Am. J. Health Res. 2013, 1(3), 42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang. Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon. Am J Health Res. 2013;1(3):42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12,
  author = {Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang},
  title = {Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20130103.12},
  abstract = {Cameroon has a high concentration of out-of-school youth. Therefore research relating to out-of-school adolescents and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is imperative. This study investigated the perceived barriers to condom use among out-of-school adolescents in Kumba, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study of a probability sample of 405 adolescents aged 15-24 years was adopted. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, at the level 0.05.Most out-of-school adolescents in this study perceived certain barriers to condom use. Up to60.5% perceived that they lacked knowledge on correct condom usage; 58.8% perceived that they would feel embarrassed to buy condoms; 54.2%would feel embarrassed to use condoms; 50.9% would feel embarrassed to ask their partners to use condoms; 70.6% believed that condom usage decreases sexual sensations, making sex less enjoyable for either partner; 70.4% believed that condom use reduces sexual urges; 66.1% respondents believed that condom use could make partner feel un-trusted; 37.8% perceived that should a condom slip off during intercourse, it could land up in the stomach of the female partner; 46.6% perceived that they would be allergic to lubricants used in condoms, and 54.8% perceived that latex condoms cause itching. Being a Christian or a male was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom use, while being a Muslim was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom negotiation. Being a female was associated with increased barrier to condom access. Perceived barriers to condom use were associated with condom non-use. Out-of-school adolescents perceived certain barriers to condom use, and consequently were not using condoms and were therefore at risk of HIV/AIDS transmission.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon
AU  - Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang
Y1  - 2013/10/20
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 42
EP  - 50
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12
AB  - Cameroon has a high concentration of out-of-school youth. Therefore research relating to out-of-school adolescents and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is imperative. This study investigated the perceived barriers to condom use among out-of-school adolescents in Kumba, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study of a probability sample of 405 adolescents aged 15-24 years was adopted. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, at the level 0.05.Most out-of-school adolescents in this study perceived certain barriers to condom use. Up to60.5% perceived that they lacked knowledge on correct condom usage; 58.8% perceived that they would feel embarrassed to buy condoms; 54.2%would feel embarrassed to use condoms; 50.9% would feel embarrassed to ask their partners to use condoms; 70.6% believed that condom usage decreases sexual sensations, making sex less enjoyable for either partner; 70.4% believed that condom use reduces sexual urges; 66.1% respondents believed that condom use could make partner feel un-trusted; 37.8% perceived that should a condom slip off during intercourse, it could land up in the stomach of the female partner; 46.6% perceived that they would be allergic to lubricants used in condoms, and 54.8% perceived that latex condoms cause itching. Being a Christian or a male was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom use, while being a Muslim was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom negotiation. Being a female was associated with increased barrier to condom access. Perceived barriers to condom use were associated with condom non-use. Out-of-school adolescents perceived certain barriers to condom use, and consequently were not using condoms and were therefore at risk of HIV/AIDS transmission.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang

HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Network, Cameroon P.O. Box 36, Commonwealth Avenue, Kumba, Southwest Region, Cameroon

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang. (2013). Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon. American Journal of Health Research, 1(3), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang. Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon. Am. J. Health Res. 2013, 1(3), 42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang. Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon. Am J Health Res. 2013;1(3):42-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12,
  author = {Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang},
  title = {Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20130103.12},
  abstract = {Cameroon has a high concentration of out-of-school youth. Therefore research relating to out-of-school adolescents and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is imperative. This study investigated the perceived barriers to condom use among out-of-school adolescents in Kumba, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study of a probability sample of 405 adolescents aged 15-24 years was adopted. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, at the level 0.05.Most out-of-school adolescents in this study perceived certain barriers to condom use. Up to60.5% perceived that they lacked knowledge on correct condom usage; 58.8% perceived that they would feel embarrassed to buy condoms; 54.2%would feel embarrassed to use condoms; 50.9% would feel embarrassed to ask their partners to use condoms; 70.6% believed that condom usage decreases sexual sensations, making sex less enjoyable for either partner; 70.4% believed that condom use reduces sexual urges; 66.1% respondents believed that condom use could make partner feel un-trusted; 37.8% perceived that should a condom slip off during intercourse, it could land up in the stomach of the female partner; 46.6% perceived that they would be allergic to lubricants used in condoms, and 54.8% perceived that latex condoms cause itching. Being a Christian or a male was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom use, while being a Muslim was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom negotiation. Being a female was associated with increased barrier to condom access. Perceived barriers to condom use were associated with condom non-use. Out-of-school adolescents perceived certain barriers to condom use, and consequently were not using condoms and were therefore at risk of HIV/AIDS transmission.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Perceived Barriers to Condom Use among Out-of-School Adolescents in Kumba, Southwest Region of Cameroon
AU  - Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang
Y1  - 2013/10/20
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 42
EP  - 50
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.12
AB  - Cameroon has a high concentration of out-of-school youth. Therefore research relating to out-of-school adolescents and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is imperative. This study investigated the perceived barriers to condom use among out-of-school adolescents in Kumba, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study of a probability sample of 405 adolescents aged 15-24 years was adopted. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, at the level 0.05.Most out-of-school adolescents in this study perceived certain barriers to condom use. Up to60.5% perceived that they lacked knowledge on correct condom usage; 58.8% perceived that they would feel embarrassed to buy condoms; 54.2%would feel embarrassed to use condoms; 50.9% would feel embarrassed to ask their partners to use condoms; 70.6% believed that condom usage decreases sexual sensations, making sex less enjoyable for either partner; 70.4% believed that condom use reduces sexual urges; 66.1% respondents believed that condom use could make partner feel un-trusted; 37.8% perceived that should a condom slip off during intercourse, it could land up in the stomach of the female partner; 46.6% perceived that they would be allergic to lubricants used in condoms, and 54.8% perceived that latex condoms cause itching. Being a Christian or a male was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom use, while being a Muslim was associated with increased perceived barriers to condom negotiation. Being a female was associated with increased barrier to condom access. Perceived barriers to condom use were associated with condom non-use. Out-of-school adolescents perceived certain barriers to condom use, and consequently were not using condoms and were therefore at risk of HIV/AIDS transmission.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download