Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal

Ibrahima Mall; Mahamadane Diène; Moctar Diaw; Papa Malick Ngom; Serigne Faye

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal

Ibrahima Mall, Mahamadane Diène, Moctar Diaw, Papa Malick Ngom, Serigne Faye

Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 8, Issue 6)

Received: 2 October 2019 Accepted: 30 October 2019 Published: 9 November 2019

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Abstract

In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m₃/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km₂). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.

Published in	Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 8, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
Page(s)	94-107
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Kédougou Kéniéba Inlier, Crystalline Terrain, Groundwater Potential Delineation, Geographic Information Systems, Remote Sensing

References

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Ibrahima Mall, Mahamadane Diène, Moctar Diaw, Papa Malick Ngom, Serigne Faye. (2019). Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 8(6), 94-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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ACS Style

Ibrahima Mall; Mahamadane Diène; Moctar Diaw; Papa Malick Ngom; Serigne Faye. Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2019, 8(6), 94-107. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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AMA Style

Ibrahima Mall, Mahamadane Diène, Moctar Diaw, Papa Malick Ngom, Serigne Faye. Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2019;8(6):94-107. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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@article{10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12,
  author = {Ibrahima Mall and Mahamadane Diène and Moctar Diaw and Papa Malick Ngom and Serigne Faye},
  title = {Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {8},
  number = {6},
  pages = {94-107},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20190806.12},
  abstract = {In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m3/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km2). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal
AU  - Ibrahima Mall
AU  - Mahamadane Diène
AU  - Moctar Diaw
AU  - Papa Malick Ngom
AU  - Serigne Faye
Y1  - 2019/11/09
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP  - 94
EP  - 107
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
AB  - In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m3/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km2). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Ibrahima Mall

Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal
Mahamadane Diène

Institut of Earth Sciences, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal
Moctar Diaw

Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal
Papa Malick Ngom

Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal
Serigne Faye

Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal

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APA Style

Ibrahima Mall, Mahamadane Diène, Moctar Diaw, Papa Malick Ngom, Serigne Faye. (2019). Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 8(6), 94-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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ACS Style

Ibrahima Mall; Mahamadane Diène; Moctar Diaw; Papa Malick Ngom; Serigne Faye. Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2019, 8(6), 94-107. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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AMA Style

Ibrahima Mall, Mahamadane Diène, Moctar Diaw, Papa Malick Ngom, Serigne Faye. Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2019;8(6):94-107. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12,
  author = {Ibrahima Mall and Mahamadane Diène and Moctar Diaw and Papa Malick Ngom and Serigne Faye},
  title = {Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {8},
  number = {6},
  pages = {94-107},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20190806.12},
  abstract = {In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m3/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km2). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal
AU  - Ibrahima Mall
AU  - Mahamadane Diène
AU  - Moctar Diaw
AU  - Papa Malick Ngom
AU  - Serigne Faye
Y1  - 2019/11/09
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP  - 94
EP  - 107
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
AB  - In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m3/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km2). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
ER  -

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