Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue; Yimga Wanda Grace; Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine; Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou; Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock; Venant Tchokonte-Nana; Benjamin Longo-Mbenza; Eugène Ndebia

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17

Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue, Yimga Wanda Grace, Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine, Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou, Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock, Venant Tchokonte-Nana, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, Eugène Ndebia

Published in World Journal of Public Health (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 29 September 2021 Accepted: 21 October 2021 Published: 24 December 2021

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Abstract

Hospital-based hand hygiene measures and best practice have been empirically proven to prevent cross-transmission of infection and resistance spreading. Little is documented on hand hygiene best practices in reducing pathogenic micro-organisms transmission dynamic, infection and resistance spread at district/community health facilities and hospitals in Cameroon. Our study thus, aimed at evaluating health workers hand hygiene measures compliance and best practices against pathogenic infections over a period of seven months at Nylon Health District, Douala, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study using an observation grid analysis based on WHO protocol was used to collect samples from 155 consented health workers from eight Nylon health facilities. A univariate logistic regression was performed to define the compliance rates and assessment of indicators at 95% confidence interval (CI). An overall hand hygiene compliance rate of 7.74% (12/155) was observed. Public and private health facilities had similar hand hygiene compliance rates of 7.69% and 7.84% respectively. Doctors had the most nails within 0.5 cm/ and the nails of the midwives were the most varnished and/or artificial nails. Professional qualifications (state certified nurse/midwives (OR=10.74; 95% CI OR [1.22; 94.43]; p-value=0.03) and doctors (OR=8.38; CI 95% OR [1.67; 41.95]; p-value=0.01)) and the wearing of jewellery and/or artificial nails or varnish, and/or nails of size>5 mm during treatment (OR=0.16; 95% CI OR [0.03; 0.97]; p-value=0.04) were the factors significantly influencing the compliance of hand washing. This study shows that hand hygiene measures best practice amongst health staff at district health facilities was low which calls for urgent awareness and health education to reinforce the hospital’s infection prevention and control standards training activities so as to improve quality care delivery and reduce antimicrobial resistance spread in Cameroon.

Published in	World Journal of Public Health (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17
Page(s)	181-187
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Compliance, Hand Hygiene, Health Personnel, Infection, Resistance, Cameroon

References

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Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue, Yimga Wanda Grace, Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine, Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou, Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock, et al. (2021). Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon. World Journal of Public Health, 6(4), 181-187. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17

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ACS Style

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue; Yimga Wanda Grace; Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine; Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou; Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock, et al. Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon. World J. Public Health 2021, 6(4), 181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17

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AMA Style

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue, Yimga Wanda Grace, Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine, Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou, Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock, et al. Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon. World J Public Health. 2021;6(4):181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17

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@article{10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17,
  author = {Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue and Yimga Wanda Grace and Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine and Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou and Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock and Venant Tchokonte-Nana and Benjamin Longo-Mbenza and Eugène Ndebia},
  title = {Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon},
  journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {181-187},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20210604.17},
  abstract = {Hospital-based hand hygiene measures and best practice have been empirically proven to prevent cross-transmission of infection and resistance spreading. Little is documented on hand hygiene best practices in reducing pathogenic micro-organisms transmission dynamic, infection and resistance spread at district/community health facilities and hospitals in Cameroon. Our study thus, aimed at evaluating health workers hand hygiene measures compliance and best practices against pathogenic infections over a period of seven months at Nylon Health District, Douala, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study using an observation grid analysis based on WHO protocol was used to collect samples from 155 consented health workers from eight Nylon health facilities. A univariate logistic regression was performed to define the compliance rates and assessment of indicators at 95% confidence interval (CI). An overall hand hygiene compliance rate of 7.74% (12/155) was observed. Public and private health facilities had similar hand hygiene compliance rates of 7.69% and 7.84% respectively. Doctors had the most nails within 0.5 cm/ and the nails of the midwives were the most varnished and/or artificial nails. Professional qualifications (state certified nurse/midwives (OR=10.74; 95% CI OR [1.22; 94.43]; p-value=0.03) and doctors (OR=8.38; CI 95% OR [1.67; 41.95]; p-value=0.01)) and the wearing of jewellery and/or artificial nails or varnish, and/or nails of size>5 mm during treatment (OR=0.16; 95% CI OR [0.03; 0.97]; p-value=0.04) were the factors significantly influencing the compliance of hand washing. This study shows that hand hygiene measures best practice amongst health staff at district health facilities was low which calls for urgent awareness and health education to reinforce the hospital’s infection prevention and control standards training activities so as to improve quality care delivery and reduce antimicrobial resistance spread in Cameroon.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon
AU  - Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue
AU  - Yimga Wanda Grace
AU  - Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine
AU  - Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou
AU  - Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock
AU  - Venant Tchokonte-Nana
AU  - Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
AU  - Eugène Ndebia
Y1  - 2021/12/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17
T2  - World Journal of Public Health
JF  - World Journal of Public Health
JO  - World Journal of Public Health
SP  - 181
EP  - 187
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-6059
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17
AB  - Hospital-based hand hygiene measures and best practice have been empirically proven to prevent cross-transmission of infection and resistance spreading. Little is documented on hand hygiene best practices in reducing pathogenic micro-organisms transmission dynamic, infection and resistance spread at district/community health facilities and hospitals in Cameroon. Our study thus, aimed at evaluating health workers hand hygiene measures compliance and best practices against pathogenic infections over a period of seven months at Nylon Health District, Douala, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study using an observation grid analysis based on WHO protocol was used to collect samples from 155 consented health workers from eight Nylon health facilities. A univariate logistic regression was performed to define the compliance rates and assessment of indicators at 95% confidence interval (CI). An overall hand hygiene compliance rate of 7.74% (12/155) was observed. Public and private health facilities had similar hand hygiene compliance rates of 7.69% and 7.84% respectively. Doctors had the most nails within 0.5 cm/ and the nails of the midwives were the most varnished and/or artificial nails. Professional qualifications (state certified nurse/midwives (OR=10.74; 95% CI OR [1.22; 94.43]; p-value=0.03) and doctors (OR=8.38; CI 95% OR [1.67; 41.95]; p-value=0.01)) and the wearing of jewellery and/or artificial nails or varnish, and/or nails of size>5 mm during treatment (OR=0.16; 95% CI OR [0.03; 0.97]; p-value=0.04) were the factors significantly influencing the compliance of hand washing. This study shows that hand hygiene measures best practice amongst health staff at district health facilities was low which calls for urgent awareness and health education to reinforce the hospital’s infection prevention and control standards training activities so as to improve quality care delivery and reduce antimicrobial resistance spread in Cameroon.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue

Faculty of Health Sciences, University des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon
Yimga Wanda Grace

Prevention and Control Foundation, Yaounde, Cameroon
Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine

Faculty of Health Sciences, University des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon
Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou

Prevention and Control Foundation, Yaounde, Cameroon
Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock

Prevention and Control Foundation, Yaounde, Cameroon
Venant Tchokonte-Nana

Faculty of Health Sciences, University des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon
Benjamin Longo-Mbenza

Faculty of Public Health, LOMO University of Reseach, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Eugène Ndebia

Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South of Africa

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APA Style

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue, Yimga Wanda Grace, Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine, Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou, Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock, et al. (2021). Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon. World Journal of Public Health, 6(4), 181-187. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17

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ACS Style

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue; Yimga Wanda Grace; Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine; Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou; Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock, et al. Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon. World J. Public Health 2021, 6(4), 181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17

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AMA Style

Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue, Yimga Wanda Grace, Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine, Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou, Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock, et al. Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon. World J Public Health. 2021;6(4):181-187. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17

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@article{10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17,
  author = {Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue and Yimga Wanda Grace and Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine and Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou and Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock and Venant Tchokonte-Nana and Benjamin Longo-Mbenza and Eugène Ndebia},
  title = {Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon},
  journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {181-187},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20210604.17},
  abstract = {Hospital-based hand hygiene measures and best practice have been empirically proven to prevent cross-transmission of infection and resistance spreading. Little is documented on hand hygiene best practices in reducing pathogenic micro-organisms transmission dynamic, infection and resistance spread at district/community health facilities and hospitals in Cameroon. Our study thus, aimed at evaluating health workers hand hygiene measures compliance and best practices against pathogenic infections over a period of seven months at Nylon Health District, Douala, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study using an observation grid analysis based on WHO protocol was used to collect samples from 155 consented health workers from eight Nylon health facilities. A univariate logistic regression was performed to define the compliance rates and assessment of indicators at 95% confidence interval (CI). An overall hand hygiene compliance rate of 7.74% (12/155) was observed. Public and private health facilities had similar hand hygiene compliance rates of 7.69% and 7.84% respectively. Doctors had the most nails within 0.5 cm/ and the nails of the midwives were the most varnished and/or artificial nails. Professional qualifications (state certified nurse/midwives (OR=10.74; 95% CI OR [1.22; 94.43]; p-value=0.03) and doctors (OR=8.38; CI 95% OR [1.67; 41.95]; p-value=0.01)) and the wearing of jewellery and/or artificial nails or varnish, and/or nails of size>5 mm during treatment (OR=0.16; 95% CI OR [0.03; 0.97]; p-value=0.04) were the factors significantly influencing the compliance of hand washing. This study shows that hand hygiene measures best practice amongst health staff at district health facilities was low which calls for urgent awareness and health education to reinforce the hospital’s infection prevention and control standards training activities so as to improve quality care delivery and reduce antimicrobial resistance spread in Cameroon.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Professionals’ Hand Hygiene Best Practice on Infection and Resistance Reduction at District Health Facilities, Cameroon
AU  - Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue
AU  - Yimga Wanda Grace
AU  - Meyoupo Penda Audrey Armandine
AU  - Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou
AU  - Alex Stephane Ndjip Ndjock
AU  - Venant Tchokonte-Nana
AU  - Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
AU  - Eugène Ndebia
Y1  - 2021/12/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17
T2  - World Journal of Public Health
JF  - World Journal of Public Health
JO  - World Journal of Public Health
SP  - 181
EP  - 187
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-6059
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.17
AB  - Hospital-based hand hygiene measures and best practice have been empirically proven to prevent cross-transmission of infection and resistance spreading. Little is documented on hand hygiene best practices in reducing pathogenic micro-organisms transmission dynamic, infection and resistance spread at district/community health facilities and hospitals in Cameroon. Our study thus, aimed at evaluating health workers hand hygiene measures compliance and best practices against pathogenic infections over a period of seven months at Nylon Health District, Douala, Cameroon. A cross-sectional study using an observation grid analysis based on WHO protocol was used to collect samples from 155 consented health workers from eight Nylon health facilities. A univariate logistic regression was performed to define the compliance rates and assessment of indicators at 95% confidence interval (CI). An overall hand hygiene compliance rate of 7.74% (12/155) was observed. Public and private health facilities had similar hand hygiene compliance rates of 7.69% and 7.84% respectively. Doctors had the most nails within 0.5 cm/ and the nails of the midwives were the most varnished and/or artificial nails. Professional qualifications (state certified nurse/midwives (OR=10.74; 95% CI OR [1.22; 94.43]; p-value=0.03) and doctors (OR=8.38; CI 95% OR [1.67; 41.95]; p-value=0.01)) and the wearing of jewellery and/or artificial nails or varnish, and/or nails of size>5 mm during treatment (OR=0.16; 95% CI OR [0.03; 0.97]; p-value=0.04) were the factors significantly influencing the compliance of hand washing. This study shows that hand hygiene measures best practice amongst health staff at district health facilities was low which calls for urgent awareness and health education to reinforce the hospital’s infection prevention and control standards training activities so as to improve quality care delivery and reduce antimicrobial resistance spread in Cameroon.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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