Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of <i>Nymphaea lotus</i> (Water Lily)

Amagbor Stella Chinelo; Umar Kabiru Jega

doi:doi:10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12

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Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily)

Amagbor Stella Chinelo, Umar Kabiru Jega

Published in Modern Chemistry (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 16 August 2019 Accepted: 16 September 2019 Published: 26 September 2019

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Abstract

The proximate composition and the amino acid profile analyses of the rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (water lily) were carried out based on standard methods reported by the association of official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The results of the proximate analysis showed that Nymphaea lotus rhizome had moisture content of 48.83±3.22; crude protein 4.23±0.06; crude fibre 5.00±1.50; ash content 4.67±0.17; high available carbohydrate 35.44 ± 0.01 and energy value 742.10 kJ/100 g. The crude lipid content was low 1.83±0.60. The study detected seventeen different amino acids. The amino acid content in g/100 g protein content was: lysine = 3.11, histidine= 1.82, arginine= 4.25, aspartic acid = 7.60, threonine= 2.19, serine= 3.02, glutamic acid= 9.68, proline= 2.34, glycine= 3.06, alanine= 3.40, cycteine= 0.73, valine= 3.37, methionine= 1.09, isoleucine= 2.35, leucine= 8.24, tyrosine= 2.25 and phenylalnine= 3.72. The studied revealed that glutamic acid, aromatic acids, leucine and aspartic acid were the predominant amino acids. All essential amino acids were found to be higher than WHO/FAO/UNU requirement pattern for adults while leucine was found to be higher than the requirement pattern for preschool children. Lysine however was found to be the most limiting amino acid for preschool children. The presence of these compounds of nutritive value, as well as high energy value suggests that Nymphaea lotus rhizome could serve as a food supplement for livestock and humans.

Published in	Modern Chemistry (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12
Page(s)	54-57
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Proximate Analysis, Amino Acid Profile, Nymphaea lotus Rhizome

References

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[3]	Lohdip, A. M. and Jikmyan, M. S. (2019). Proximate and Amino acid Analyses of the Stem of Sesamum indicum I. (Black Seed specie) pedaliaceae. J. Chem. Soc. Nigeria. 44 (1): 053-058.
[4]	Hassan, L. G. and Umar, K. J. (2006). Nutritional Value of Balsam Apple (Momordic balsamina L.) leaves. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5: 522-529.
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[6]	Obot, E. A. (1984). Studies in the productivity of Echinocloa stagnina (Retz) P. Beuv in the Kainji Lake Basin of Northern Nigeria. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ife, Nigeria.
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[10]	Mohammed, H. A., Awodoyin, R. O., Daddy, F. and Adesina, G. O. (2008). Ethnobotany of waterlily (Nymphaea lotus Linn.) among the riparian communities in Nigeria: A case study of Kainji Lake Basin. Journal of Environmental Biology, 5: 52-55.
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[13]	Adeyeye, E. I. and Afolabi, E. O. (2004). Amino acid Composition of three different types of Land Snails consumed in Nigeria. Food Chemistry, 85: 535-539.
[14]	Wasagu, R. S. U., Lawal, M., Galadima, L. G., & Aliero, A. A. (2014). Nutritional composition, anti-nutritional factors and element analysis of Nymphaea lotus (water lily). Bayaro Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences, 8 (1): 1-5.
[15]	Dashak, D. A. and Fali, C. N. (1993). Chemical Composition of four varieties of Bnniseed. FOOD Chemistry. 47: 253-255.
[16]	Anita, B. S., Akpan, E. J., Okon, P. A. and Umoren, I. U. (2006). Nutritive and Antinutritive Evaluation of Sweet Potatoes (Ipomea batatas) Leaves. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5: 166-168.
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[18]	Agostoni, C., Carratu, B., Boniglia, C. and Sanzini, E. (2001). Free Amino Acid content in standard infant formulas: comparison with human milk. Journal of American College of Nutrition, 19: 434-438.
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APA Style

Amagbor Stella Chinelo, Umar Kabiru Jega. (2019). Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily). Modern Chemistry, 7(3), 54-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12

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ACS Style

Amagbor Stella Chinelo; Umar Kabiru Jega. Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily). Mod. Chem. 2019, 7(3), 54-57. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12

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AMA Style

Amagbor Stella Chinelo, Umar Kabiru Jega. Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily). Mod Chem. 2019;7(3):54-57. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12

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@article{10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12,
  author = {Amagbor Stella Chinelo and Umar Kabiru Jega},
  title = {Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily)},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {54-57},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20190703.12},
  abstract = {The proximate composition and the amino acid profile analyses of the rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (water lily) were carried out based on standard methods reported by the association of official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The results of the proximate analysis showed that Nymphaea lotus rhizome had moisture content of 48.83±3.22; crude protein 4.23±0.06; crude fibre 5.00±1.50; ash content 4.67±0.17; high available carbohydrate 35.44 ± 0.01 and energy value 742.10 kJ/100 g. The crude lipid content was low 1.83±0.60. The study detected seventeen different amino acids. The amino acid content in g/100 g protein content was: lysine = 3.11, histidine= 1.82, arginine= 4.25, aspartic acid = 7.60, threonine= 2.19, serine= 3.02, glutamic acid= 9.68, proline= 2.34, glycine= 3.06, alanine= 3.40, cycteine= 0.73, valine= 3.37, methionine= 1.09, isoleucine= 2.35, leucine= 8.24, tyrosine= 2.25 and phenylalnine= 3.72. The studied revealed that glutamic acid, aromatic acids, leucine and aspartic acid were the predominant amino acids. All essential amino acids were found to be higher than WHO/FAO/UNU requirement pattern for adults while leucine was found to be higher than the requirement pattern for preschool children. Lysine however was found to be the most limiting amino acid for preschool children. The presence of these compounds of nutritive value, as well as high energy value suggests that Nymphaea lotus rhizome could serve as a food supplement for livestock and humans.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily)
AU  - Amagbor Stella Chinelo
AU  - Umar Kabiru Jega
Y1  - 2019/09/26
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12
T2  - Modern Chemistry
JF  - Modern Chemistry
JO  - Modern Chemistry
SP  - 54
EP  - 57
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-180X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12
AB  - The proximate composition and the amino acid profile analyses of the rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (water lily) were carried out based on standard methods reported by the association of official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The results of the proximate analysis showed that Nymphaea lotus rhizome had moisture content of 48.83±3.22; crude protein 4.23±0.06; crude fibre 5.00±1.50; ash content 4.67±0.17; high available carbohydrate 35.44 ± 0.01 and energy value 742.10 kJ/100 g. The crude lipid content was low 1.83±0.60. The study detected seventeen different amino acids. The amino acid content in g/100 g protein content was: lysine = 3.11, histidine= 1.82, arginine= 4.25, aspartic acid = 7.60, threonine= 2.19, serine= 3.02, glutamic acid= 9.68, proline= 2.34, glycine= 3.06, alanine= 3.40, cycteine= 0.73, valine= 3.37, methionine= 1.09, isoleucine= 2.35, leucine= 8.24, tyrosine= 2.25 and phenylalnine= 3.72. The studied revealed that glutamic acid, aromatic acids, leucine and aspartic acid were the predominant amino acids. All essential amino acids were found to be higher than WHO/FAO/UNU requirement pattern for adults while leucine was found to be higher than the requirement pattern for preschool children. Lysine however was found to be the most limiting amino acid for preschool children. The presence of these compounds of nutritive value, as well as high energy value suggests that Nymphaea lotus rhizome could serve as a food supplement for livestock and humans.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Amagbor Stella Chinelo

Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Agbarha-Utor, Nigeria
Umar Kabiru Jega

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Federal University, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria

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Amagbor Stella Chinelo, Umar Kabiru Jega. (2019). Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily). Modern Chemistry, 7(3), 54-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12

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ACS Style

Amagbor Stella Chinelo; Umar Kabiru Jega. Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily). Mod. Chem. 2019, 7(3), 54-57. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12

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AMA Style

Amagbor Stella Chinelo, Umar Kabiru Jega. Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily). Mod Chem. 2019;7(3):54-57. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12

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@article{10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12,
  author = {Amagbor Stella Chinelo and Umar Kabiru Jega},
  title = {Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily)},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {54-57},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20190703.12},
  abstract = {The proximate composition and the amino acid profile analyses of the rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (water lily) were carried out based on standard methods reported by the association of official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The results of the proximate analysis showed that Nymphaea lotus rhizome had moisture content of 48.83±3.22; crude protein 4.23±0.06; crude fibre 5.00±1.50; ash content 4.67±0.17; high available carbohydrate 35.44 ± 0.01 and energy value 742.10 kJ/100 g. The crude lipid content was low 1.83±0.60. The study detected seventeen different amino acids. The amino acid content in g/100 g protein content was: lysine = 3.11, histidine= 1.82, arginine= 4.25, aspartic acid = 7.60, threonine= 2.19, serine= 3.02, glutamic acid= 9.68, proline= 2.34, glycine= 3.06, alanine= 3.40, cycteine= 0.73, valine= 3.37, methionine= 1.09, isoleucine= 2.35, leucine= 8.24, tyrosine= 2.25 and phenylalnine= 3.72. The studied revealed that glutamic acid, aromatic acids, leucine and aspartic acid were the predominant amino acids. All essential amino acids were found to be higher than WHO/FAO/UNU requirement pattern for adults while leucine was found to be higher than the requirement pattern for preschool children. Lysine however was found to be the most limiting amino acid for preschool children. The presence of these compounds of nutritive value, as well as high energy value suggests that Nymphaea lotus rhizome could serve as a food supplement for livestock and humans.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Proximate and Amino Acid Analyses of the Rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (Water Lily)
AU  - Amagbor Stella Chinelo
AU  - Umar Kabiru Jega
Y1  - 2019/09/26
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12
T2  - Modern Chemistry
JF  - Modern Chemistry
JO  - Modern Chemistry
SP  - 54
EP  - 57
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-180X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20190703.12
AB  - The proximate composition and the amino acid profile analyses of the rhizome of Nymphaea lotus (water lily) were carried out based on standard methods reported by the association of official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The results of the proximate analysis showed that Nymphaea lotus rhizome had moisture content of 48.83±3.22; crude protein 4.23±0.06; crude fibre 5.00±1.50; ash content 4.67±0.17; high available carbohydrate 35.44 ± 0.01 and energy value 742.10 kJ/100 g. The crude lipid content was low 1.83±0.60. The study detected seventeen different amino acids. The amino acid content in g/100 g protein content was: lysine = 3.11, histidine= 1.82, arginine= 4.25, aspartic acid = 7.60, threonine= 2.19, serine= 3.02, glutamic acid= 9.68, proline= 2.34, glycine= 3.06, alanine= 3.40, cycteine= 0.73, valine= 3.37, methionine= 1.09, isoleucine= 2.35, leucine= 8.24, tyrosine= 2.25 and phenylalnine= 3.72. The studied revealed that glutamic acid, aromatic acids, leucine and aspartic acid were the predominant amino acids. All essential amino acids were found to be higher than WHO/FAO/UNU requirement pattern for adults while leucine was found to be higher than the requirement pattern for preschool children. Lysine however was found to be the most limiting amino acid for preschool children. The presence of these compounds of nutritive value, as well as high energy value suggests that Nymphaea lotus rhizome could serve as a food supplement for livestock and humans.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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