Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo; Ida Umboro

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo, Ida Umboro

Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 4)

Received: 23 December 2022 Accepted: 16 January 2023 Published: 31 January 2023

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

At this time the Makassar Aviation Polytechnic still lacks equipment in energy conversion subjects where one of them is a solar cell-based electric vehicle, this solar cell-based electric vehicle is urgently needed to support learning activities, In this study we made a solar cell-based electric car where this equipment can be used to support energy conversion courses, where in making this equipment the authors need equipment such as electric motors, controllers, solar cell batteries, battery management systems, solar charge controllers, Optimization of electric cars with solar cells is done by converting sunlight captured by the solar cell modules into electrical energy which is then channeled to the charge controller. The voltage on the charge controller is set at 56v 58v which is then forwarded to the battery management system. In this phase the electric current will flow to each battery cell so that the conditions between the battery cells are balanced. the research that has been done has resulted in the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and the conversion of electrical energy into motion energy. After the manufacturing process is complete, we carry out a testing process where we use the electric car until the car cannot move anymore. The first is the solar cell testing process itself, where the testing process is carried out without a load and with a load and the results show that there is no significant difference to the input voltage or voltage. comes out to the load because the voltage has been regulated by the solar charge controller, and the second is testing the electric car, the first is the position of the solar cell is closed and the second the position of the solar cell is opened, after the experiment is done, the results are obtained which is compared with the time the solar cell is opened with the time the solar cell is open closed there is an efficiency of 13% from the beginning.

Published in	International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12
Page(s)	57-63
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Solar Cell, Electric Car, Baterai Lifepo4, Optimization

References

[1]	B. Purbo Wartoyo and I. Umboro Wahyu Nur Wening, “Mobil Listrik dan Solar Sell sebagai Alternatif Daya,” Airman J. Tek. dan Keselam. Transp., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 74–79, 2021, doi: 10.46509/ajtk.v4i2.189.
[2]	L. P. R. Nadimuthu and K. Victor, “Performance analysis and optimization of solar-powered E-rickshaw for environmental sustainability in rural transportation,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., vol. 28, no. 26, pp. 34278–34289, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12894-x.
[3]	A. M. Al Ghaili, H. Kasim, H. Aris, and N. M. Al Hada, “Can electric vehicles be an alternative for traditional fossil ‑ fuel cars with the help of renewable energy sources towards energy sustainability achievement ?,” Energy Informatics, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1–24, 2022, doi: 10.1186/s42162-022-00234-3.
[4]	U. Kramer, D. Goericke, and R. Thee, “Energy Paths for Road Transport in the Future,” MTZ Worldw., vol. 80, no. 5, pp. 18–25, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s38313-019-0021-4.
[5]	I. M. Henriksen, W. Throndsen, M. Ryghaug, and T. M. Skjølsvold, “Electric vehicle charging and end-user motivation for flexibility: a case study from Norway,” Energy. Sustain. Soc., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2021, doi: 10.1186/s13705-021-00319-z.
[6]	EEA, Electric Vehicles in Europe - 2016 - Approaching adolescence, no. 20. 2016.
[7]	K. V. Singh, H. O. Bansal, and D. Singh, “A comprehensive review on hybrid electric vehicles: architectures and components,” J. Mod. Transp., vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 77–107, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s40534-019-0184-3.
[8]	Y. Chandra Wibowo and S. Riyadi, “Analisa Pembebanan Pada Motor Brushless Dc (Bldc),” pp. 277–282, 2019, doi: 10.5614/sniko.2018.33.
[9]	R. Buffat, D. Bucher, and M. Raubal, “Using locally produced photovoltaic energy to charge electric vehicles,” Comput. Sci. - Res. Dev., vol. 33, no. 1–2, pp. 37–47, 2018, doi: 10.1007/s00450-017-0345-8.
[10]	S. Roeder, “The Car as an Energy Storage System,” ATZelectronics Worldw., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 38–43, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s38314-021-0597-8.
[11]	M. Waseem, A. F. Sherwani, and M. Suhaib, “Integration of solar energy in electrical, hybrid, autonomous vehicles: a technological review,” SN Appl. Sci., vol. 1, no. 11, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s42452-019-1458-4.
[12]	Q. S. Jia and T. Long, “A Review on Charging Behavior of Electric Vehicles: Data, Model, and Control,” IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 598–601, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2021.04.149.
[13]	G. C. Sekhar, D. G. Krishna, H. Abhimanue, F. K. Meeran, and S. Janardhanan, “Shape Improvisation of the Solar Panels on the Roof of an Electric Vehicle,” J. Inst. Eng. Ser. C, vol. 102, no. 4, pp. 1041–1050, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s40032-021-00715-6.
[14]	L. Ma and Y. Lu, “Intelligent charging control method of shared vehicle based on MPPT algorithm in the environment of internet of things,” J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput., no. 0123456789, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s12652-020-02812-3.
[15]	A. Šuligoj, R. Cerc Korošec, G. Žerjav, N. Novak Tušar, and U. Lavrenčič Štangar, Solar-Driven Photocatalytic Films: Synthesis Approaches, Factors Affecting Environmental Activity, and Characterization Features, vol. 380, no. 6. Springer International Publishing, 2022.
[16]	A. Y. Kolpakov and A. A. Galinger, “Economic Efficiency of the Spread of Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energy Sources in Russia,” Her. Russ. Acad. Sci., vol. 90, no. 1, pp. 25–35, 2020, doi: 10.1134/S1019331620010165.
[17]	J. Falk, A. Nedjalkov, M. Angelmahr, and W. Schade, “Applying Lithium-Ion Second Life Batteries for Off-Grid Solar Powered System—A Socio-Economic Case Study for Rural Development,” Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 47–60, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12398-020-00273-x.
[18]	W. S. Ebhota and T. C. Jen, “Fossil Fuels Environmental Challenges and the Role of Solar Photovoltaic Technology Advances in Fast Tracking Hybrid Renewable Energy System,” Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. - Green Technol., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 97–117, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s40684-019-00101-9.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo, Ida Umboro. (2023). Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo; Ida Umboro. Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2023, 8(4), 57-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo, Ida Umboro. Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2023;8(4):57-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12,
  author = {Bayu Purbo Wartoyo and Ida Umboro},
  title = {Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {57-63},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20220804.12},
  abstract = {At this time the Makassar Aviation Polytechnic still lacks equipment in energy conversion subjects where one of them is a solar cell-based electric vehicle, this solar cell-based electric vehicle is urgently needed to support learning activities, In this study we made a solar cell-based electric car where this equipment can be used to support energy conversion courses, where in making this equipment the authors need equipment such as electric motors, controllers, solar cell batteries, battery management systems, solar charge controllers, Optimization of electric cars with solar cells is done by converting sunlight captured by the solar cell modules into electrical energy which is then channeled to the charge controller. The voltage on the charge controller is set at 56v 58v which is then forwarded to the battery management system. In this phase the electric current will flow to each battery cell so that the conditions between the battery cells are balanced. the research that has been done has resulted in the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and the conversion of electrical energy into motion energy. After the manufacturing process is complete, we carry out a testing process where we use the electric car until the car cannot move anymore. The first is the solar cell testing process itself, where the testing process is carried out without a load and with a load and the results show that there is no significant difference to the input voltage or voltage. comes out to the load because the voltage has been regulated by the solar charge controller, and the second is testing the electric car, the first is the position of the solar cell is closed and the second the position of the solar cell is opened, after the experiment is done, the results are obtained which is compared with the time the solar cell is opened with the time the solar cell is open closed there is an efficiency of 13% from the beginning.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries
AU  - Bayu Purbo Wartoyo
AU  - Ida Umboro
Y1  - 2023/01/31
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 57
EP  - 63
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12
AB  - At this time the Makassar Aviation Polytechnic still lacks equipment in energy conversion subjects where one of them is a solar cell-based electric vehicle, this solar cell-based electric vehicle is urgently needed to support learning activities, In this study we made a solar cell-based electric car where this equipment can be used to support energy conversion courses, where in making this equipment the authors need equipment such as electric motors, controllers, solar cell batteries, battery management systems, solar charge controllers, Optimization of electric cars with solar cells is done by converting sunlight captured by the solar cell modules into electrical energy which is then channeled to the charge controller. The voltage on the charge controller is set at 56v 58v which is then forwarded to the battery management system. In this phase the electric current will flow to each battery cell so that the conditions between the battery cells are balanced. the research that has been done has resulted in the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and the conversion of electrical energy into motion energy. After the manufacturing process is complete, we carry out a testing process where we use the electric car until the car cannot move anymore. The first is the solar cell testing process itself, where the testing process is carried out without a load and with a load and the results show that there is no significant difference to the input voltage or voltage. comes out to the load because the voltage has been regulated by the solar charge controller, and the second is testing the electric car, the first is the position of the solar cell is closed and the second the position of the solar cell is opened, after the experiment is done, the results are obtained which is compared with the time the solar cell is opened with the time the solar cell is open closed there is an efficiency of 13% from the beginning.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo

School of Airport Technology, Makassar Aviation Polytechnic, Makassar, Indonesia
Ida Umboro

School of Air Traffic Controller, Makassar Aviation Polytechnic, Makassar, Indonesia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo, Ida Umboro. (2023). Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo; Ida Umboro. Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2023, 8(4), 57-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Bayu Purbo Wartoyo, Ida Umboro. Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2023;8(4):57-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12,
  author = {Bayu Purbo Wartoyo and Ida Umboro},
  title = {Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {57-63},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20220804.12},
  abstract = {At this time the Makassar Aviation Polytechnic still lacks equipment in energy conversion subjects where one of them is a solar cell-based electric vehicle, this solar cell-based electric vehicle is urgently needed to support learning activities, In this study we made a solar cell-based electric car where this equipment can be used to support energy conversion courses, where in making this equipment the authors need equipment such as electric motors, controllers, solar cell batteries, battery management systems, solar charge controllers, Optimization of electric cars with solar cells is done by converting sunlight captured by the solar cell modules into electrical energy which is then channeled to the charge controller. The voltage on the charge controller is set at 56v 58v which is then forwarded to the battery management system. In this phase the electric current will flow to each battery cell so that the conditions between the battery cells are balanced. the research that has been done has resulted in the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and the conversion of electrical energy into motion energy. After the manufacturing process is complete, we carry out a testing process where we use the electric car until the car cannot move anymore. The first is the solar cell testing process itself, where the testing process is carried out without a load and with a load and the results show that there is no significant difference to the input voltage or voltage. comes out to the load because the voltage has been regulated by the solar charge controller, and the second is testing the electric car, the first is the position of the solar cell is closed and the second the position of the solar cell is opened, after the experiment is done, the results are obtained which is compared with the time the solar cell is opened with the time the solar cell is open closed there is an efficiency of 13% from the beginning.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimization of Electric Cars with Solar Cells and Life-PO4 Batteries
AU  - Bayu Purbo Wartoyo
AU  - Ida Umboro
Y1  - 2023/01/31
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 57
EP  - 63
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220804.12
AB  - At this time the Makassar Aviation Polytechnic still lacks equipment in energy conversion subjects where one of them is a solar cell-based electric vehicle, this solar cell-based electric vehicle is urgently needed to support learning activities, In this study we made a solar cell-based electric car where this equipment can be used to support energy conversion courses, where in making this equipment the authors need equipment such as electric motors, controllers, solar cell batteries, battery management systems, solar charge controllers, Optimization of electric cars with solar cells is done by converting sunlight captured by the solar cell modules into electrical energy which is then channeled to the charge controller. The voltage on the charge controller is set at 56v 58v which is then forwarded to the battery management system. In this phase the electric current will flow to each battery cell so that the conditions between the battery cells are balanced. the research that has been done has resulted in the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and the conversion of electrical energy into motion energy. After the manufacturing process is complete, we carry out a testing process where we use the electric car until the car cannot move anymore. The first is the solar cell testing process itself, where the testing process is carried out without a load and with a load and the results show that there is no significant difference to the input voltage or voltage. comes out to the load because the voltage has been regulated by the solar charge controller, and the second is testing the electric car, the first is the position of the solar cell is closed and the second the position of the solar cell is opened, after the experiment is done, the results are obtained which is compared with the time the solar cell is opened with the time the solar cell is open closed there is an efficiency of 13% from the beginning.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download