Edge-carboxylated graphite (ECG) was produced by grinding pristine graphite in a planetary ball-mill machine. Transmission electron microscope was used to confirm the layers of graphene in ECG. The elemental analyses showed that the oxygen contents are different between ECG samples. The vibrational analysis of single- and five-layered graphene was conducted using finite element method within ANSYS. The vibrational behaviors of cantilevered and fixed graphene with one or five layers were modeled using three-dimensional elastic beams of carbon bonds and point masses. The dynamic analysis was conducted using nonlinear elastic elements within LS-DYNA. The natural frequencies, strain and kinetic energy of the beam elements were calculated considering the van der Waals forces between the carbon atoms in the hexagonal lattice. The natural frequencies, strain and kinetic energy of the graphene sheets were estimated based on the geometrical type and the layered sheets with boundary conditions. In the dynamic analysis, the change in displacement over time appears larger along the x- and y-axes than along the z-axis, and the value of the displacement vector sum appears larger in the five-layer graphene than in the single-layer graphene.
| Published in | International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 2, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17 |
| Page(s) | 209-220 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Edge-Carboxylated Graphite (ECG), Graphene, Van Der Waals Forces, Vibrational, Finite Element Method
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APA Style
J. H. Lee, C. M. Shim, B. S. Lee. (2013). Graphene in Edge-Carboxylated Graphite by Ball Milling and Analyses Using Finite Element Method. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 2(6), 209-220. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17
ACS Style
J. H. Lee; C. M. Shim; B. S. Lee. Graphene in Edge-Carboxylated Graphite by Ball Milling and Analyses Using Finite Element Method. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2013, 2(6), 209-220. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17
AMA Style
J. H. Lee, C. M. Shim, B. S. Lee. Graphene in Edge-Carboxylated Graphite by Ball Milling and Analyses Using Finite Element Method. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2013;2(6):209-220. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17,
author = {J. H. Lee and C. M. Shim and B. S. Lee},
title = {Graphene in Edge-Carboxylated Graphite by Ball Milling and Analyses Using Finite Element Method},
journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
volume = {2},
number = {6},
pages = {209-220},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20130206.17},
abstract = {Edge-carboxylated graphite (ECG) was produced by grinding pristine graphite in a planetary ball-mill machine. Transmission electron microscope was used to confirm the layers of graphene in ECG. The elemental analyses showed that the oxygen contents are different between ECG samples. The vibrational analysis of single- and five-layered graphene was conducted using finite element method within ANSYS. The vibrational behaviors of cantilevered and fixed graphene with one or five layers were modeled using three-dimensional elastic beams of carbon bonds and point masses. The dynamic analysis was conducted using nonlinear elastic elements within LS-DYNA. The natural frequencies, strain and kinetic energy of the beam elements were calculated considering the van der Waals forces between the carbon atoms in the hexagonal lattice. The natural frequencies, strain and kinetic energy of the graphene sheets were estimated based on the geometrical type and the layered sheets with boundary conditions. In the dynamic analysis, the change in displacement over time appears larger along the x- and y-axes than along the z-axis, and the value of the displacement vector sum appears larger in the five-layer graphene than in the single-layer graphene.},
year = {2013}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Graphene in Edge-Carboxylated Graphite by Ball Milling and Analyses Using Finite Element Method AU - J. H. Lee AU - C. M. Shim AU - B. S. Lee Y1 - 2013/12/10 PY - 2013 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17 DO - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17 T2 - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications JF - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications JO - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications SP - 209 EP - 220 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-2643 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20130206.17 AB - Edge-carboxylated graphite (ECG) was produced by grinding pristine graphite in a planetary ball-mill machine. Transmission electron microscope was used to confirm the layers of graphene in ECG. The elemental analyses showed that the oxygen contents are different between ECG samples. The vibrational analysis of single- and five-layered graphene was conducted using finite element method within ANSYS. The vibrational behaviors of cantilevered and fixed graphene with one or five layers were modeled using three-dimensional elastic beams of carbon bonds and point masses. The dynamic analysis was conducted using nonlinear elastic elements within LS-DYNA. The natural frequencies, strain and kinetic energy of the beam elements were calculated considering the van der Waals forces between the carbon atoms in the hexagonal lattice. The natural frequencies, strain and kinetic energy of the graphene sheets were estimated based on the geometrical type and the layered sheets with boundary conditions. In the dynamic analysis, the change in displacement over time appears larger along the x- and y-axes than along the z-axis, and the value of the displacement vector sum appears larger in the five-layer graphene than in the single-layer graphene. VL - 2 IS - 6 ER -
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