Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other

Tomoteru Oka; Kouki Furukawa; Yasuyuki Oguma; Buntara Sthenly Gan; Noriyuki Kataoka

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11

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Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other

Tomoteru Oka, Kouki Furukawa, Yasuyuki Oguma, Buntara Sthenly Gan, Noriyuki Kataoka

Published in International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (Volume 11, Issue 3)

Received: 28 August 2023 Accepted: 15 September 2023 Published: 27 September 2023

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Abstract

Actin filaments play a significant role in multiple essential cellular processes, including cell motility, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and cellular mechanosensing mechanisms. However, an important cellular processes, mechanosensing, remains debatable. This is because intracellular proteins such as actin filaments, focal adhesion complexes, and cell-nuclear junctions are dynamic structures that fluctuate minutely, although their binding is closely related to the mechanosensing mechanism. We established an original quasi-super-resolution image analysis method and revealed the existence of 3 Hz fluctuations in actin filaments in living cells at approximately 0.2 to 0.5 μm. We speculated that cells sense mechanical stresses such as fluid shear stress through the network structure of actin filaments and their connections to the substrate and cell nucleus. This study analyzed the fluctuations in actin filaments in the network structure of living cells using our quasi-super-resolution image analysis method under static culture conditions. In particular, we focused on the correlations between each actin fluctuation in the network structure. Fluorescence images showed that actin networks were well developed in the NIH3T3 cells. The maximum amplitude of actin filament fluctuations near the central region of the cell was 0.99 μm. Correlation coefficients of actin filament fluctuations in the network remained unchanged between the central and peripheral regions, with a maximum value of 0.23. These results suggested that actin filaments fluctuated independently within the network structure. Moreover, the distance between two actin filaments changed over time at the connecting point of the three actin filaments. These results suggest that strain occurs at the actin filament connecting points even when cells are under static culture conditions and that more complex mechanical states arise upon mechanical stimulation.

Published in	International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11
Page(s)	33-43
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Actin Filament, Fluctuation, Lifeact-GFP, Living Cell, Network Structure, Super-Resolution Technique

References

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APA Style

Tomoteru Oka, Kouki Furukawa, Yasuyuki Oguma, Buntara Sthenly Gan, Noriyuki Kataoka. (2023). Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 11(3), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11

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ACS Style

Tomoteru Oka; Kouki Furukawa; Yasuyuki Oguma; Buntara Sthenly Gan; Noriyuki Kataoka. Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(3), 33-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11

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AMA Style

Tomoteru Oka, Kouki Furukawa, Yasuyuki Oguma, Buntara Sthenly Gan, Noriyuki Kataoka. Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other. Int J Biomed Sci Eng. 2023;11(3):33-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11,
  author = {Tomoteru Oka and Kouki Furukawa and Yasuyuki Oguma and Buntara Sthenly Gan and Noriyuki Kataoka},
  title = {Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {33-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbse.20231103.11},
  abstract = {Actin filaments play a significant role in multiple essential cellular processes, including cell motility, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and cellular mechanosensing mechanisms. However, an important cellular processes, mechanosensing, remains debatable. This is because intracellular proteins such as actin filaments, focal adhesion complexes, and cell-nuclear junctions are dynamic structures that fluctuate minutely, although their binding is closely related to the mechanosensing mechanism. We established an original quasi-super-resolution image analysis method and revealed the existence of 3 Hz fluctuations in actin filaments in living cells at approximately 0.2 to 0.5 μm. We speculated that cells sense mechanical stresses such as fluid shear stress through the network structure of actin filaments and their connections to the substrate and cell nucleus. This study analyzed the fluctuations in actin filaments in the network structure of living cells using our quasi-super-resolution image analysis method under static culture conditions. In particular, we focused on the correlations between each actin fluctuation in the network structure. Fluorescence images showed that actin networks were well developed in the NIH3T3 cells. The maximum amplitude of actin filament fluctuations near the central region of the cell was 0.99 μm. Correlation coefficients of actin filament fluctuations in the network remained unchanged between the central and peripheral regions, with a maximum value of 0.23. These results suggested that actin filaments fluctuated independently within the network structure. Moreover, the distance between two actin filaments changed over time at the connecting point of the three actin filaments. These results suggest that strain occurs at the actin filament connecting points even when cells are under static culture conditions and that more complex mechanical states arise upon mechanical stimulation.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other
AU  - Tomoteru Oka
AU  - Kouki Furukawa
AU  - Yasuyuki Oguma
AU  - Buntara Sthenly Gan
AU  - Noriyuki Kataoka
Y1  - 2023/09/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
SP  - 33
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7235
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11
AB  - Actin filaments play a significant role in multiple essential cellular processes, including cell motility, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and cellular mechanosensing mechanisms. However, an important cellular processes, mechanosensing, remains debatable. This is because intracellular proteins such as actin filaments, focal adhesion complexes, and cell-nuclear junctions are dynamic structures that fluctuate minutely, although their binding is closely related to the mechanosensing mechanism. We established an original quasi-super-resolution image analysis method and revealed the existence of 3 Hz fluctuations in actin filaments in living cells at approximately 0.2 to 0.5 μm. We speculated that cells sense mechanical stresses such as fluid shear stress through the network structure of actin filaments and their connections to the substrate and cell nucleus. This study analyzed the fluctuations in actin filaments in the network structure of living cells using our quasi-super-resolution image analysis method under static culture conditions. In particular, we focused on the correlations between each actin fluctuation in the network structure. Fluorescence images showed that actin networks were well developed in the NIH3T3 cells. The maximum amplitude of actin filament fluctuations near the central region of the cell was 0.99 μm. Correlation coefficients of actin filament fluctuations in the network remained unchanged between the central and peripheral regions, with a maximum value of 0.23. These results suggested that actin filaments fluctuated independently within the network structure. Moreover, the distance between two actin filaments changed over time at the connecting point of the three actin filaments. These results suggest that strain occurs at the actin filament connecting points even when cells are under static culture conditions and that more complex mechanical states arise upon mechanical stimulation.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Tomoteru Oka

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nihon University, Fukushima, Japan
Kouki Furukawa

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nihon University, Fukushima, Japan
Yasuyuki Oguma

Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Fukushima, Japan
Buntara Sthenly Gan

Department of Architecture, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Fukushima, Japan
Noriyuki Kataoka

Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Fukushima, Japan

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APA Style

Tomoteru Oka, Kouki Furukawa, Yasuyuki Oguma, Buntara Sthenly Gan, Noriyuki Kataoka. (2023). Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 11(3), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11

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ACS Style

Tomoteru Oka; Kouki Furukawa; Yasuyuki Oguma; Buntara Sthenly Gan; Noriyuki Kataoka. Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(3), 33-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11

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AMA Style

Tomoteru Oka, Kouki Furukawa, Yasuyuki Oguma, Buntara Sthenly Gan, Noriyuki Kataoka. Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other. Int J Biomed Sci Eng. 2023;11(3):33-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11,
  author = {Tomoteru Oka and Kouki Furukawa and Yasuyuki Oguma and Buntara Sthenly Gan and Noriyuki Kataoka},
  title = {Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {33-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbse.20231103.11},
  abstract = {Actin filaments play a significant role in multiple essential cellular processes, including cell motility, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and cellular mechanosensing mechanisms. However, an important cellular processes, mechanosensing, remains debatable. This is because intracellular proteins such as actin filaments, focal adhesion complexes, and cell-nuclear junctions are dynamic structures that fluctuate minutely, although their binding is closely related to the mechanosensing mechanism. We established an original quasi-super-resolution image analysis method and revealed the existence of 3 Hz fluctuations in actin filaments in living cells at approximately 0.2 to 0.5 μm. We speculated that cells sense mechanical stresses such as fluid shear stress through the network structure of actin filaments and their connections to the substrate and cell nucleus. This study analyzed the fluctuations in actin filaments in the network structure of living cells using our quasi-super-resolution image analysis method under static culture conditions. In particular, we focused on the correlations between each actin fluctuation in the network structure. Fluorescence images showed that actin networks were well developed in the NIH3T3 cells. The maximum amplitude of actin filament fluctuations near the central region of the cell was 0.99 μm. Correlation coefficients of actin filament fluctuations in the network remained unchanged between the central and peripheral regions, with a maximum value of 0.23. These results suggested that actin filaments fluctuated independently within the network structure. Moreover, the distance between two actin filaments changed over time at the connecting point of the three actin filaments. These results suggest that strain occurs at the actin filament connecting points even when cells are under static culture conditions and that more complex mechanical states arise upon mechanical stimulation.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Actin Filaments That Form Networks in Living Cells Fluctuate Rapidly and Independently of Each Other
AU  - Tomoteru Oka
AU  - Kouki Furukawa
AU  - Yasuyuki Oguma
AU  - Buntara Sthenly Gan
AU  - Noriyuki Kataoka
Y1  - 2023/09/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
SP  - 33
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7235
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20231103.11
AB  - Actin filaments play a significant role in multiple essential cellular processes, including cell motility, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and cellular mechanosensing mechanisms. However, an important cellular processes, mechanosensing, remains debatable. This is because intracellular proteins such as actin filaments, focal adhesion complexes, and cell-nuclear junctions are dynamic structures that fluctuate minutely, although their binding is closely related to the mechanosensing mechanism. We established an original quasi-super-resolution image analysis method and revealed the existence of 3 Hz fluctuations in actin filaments in living cells at approximately 0.2 to 0.5 μm. We speculated that cells sense mechanical stresses such as fluid shear stress through the network structure of actin filaments and their connections to the substrate and cell nucleus. This study analyzed the fluctuations in actin filaments in the network structure of living cells using our quasi-super-resolution image analysis method under static culture conditions. In particular, we focused on the correlations between each actin fluctuation in the network structure. Fluorescence images showed that actin networks were well developed in the NIH3T3 cells. The maximum amplitude of actin filament fluctuations near the central region of the cell was 0.99 μm. Correlation coefficients of actin filament fluctuations in the network remained unchanged between the central and peripheral regions, with a maximum value of 0.23. These results suggested that actin filaments fluctuated independently within the network structure. Moreover, the distance between two actin filaments changed over time at the connecting point of the three actin filaments. These results suggest that strain occurs at the actin filament connecting points even when cells are under static culture conditions and that more complex mechanical states arise upon mechanical stimulation.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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