Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health

Kirtan Patel; Amber Maraccini; Timothy Grunert; Wei Yang; Anthony Slonim

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13

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Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health

Kirtan Patel, Amber Maraccini, Timothy Grunert, Wei Yang, Anthony Slonim

Published in International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 20 May 2021 Accepted: 8 June 2021 Published: 16 June 2021

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Abstract

Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) were developed as a model to improve the access and availability of hospital services in rural counties. There has been limited research on clinical outcomes to evaluate the impact of CAHs since they were authorized through the Balanced Budget Act. This study evaluates CAH’s performance on clinical outcomes, and compares health outcomes between rural counties with CAHs and rural counties without established federally supported hospitals. The American Hospital Association’s (AHA) Annual Survey Database was used to identify CAHs within rural counties and their characteristics. The County Health Rankings (CHR) data were used to quantify health outcomes by county. US rural counties with CAHs versus remaining US rural counties without CAHs were correlated with measures of Clinical Care (p < 0.001). US rural counties with CAHs presented greater health status with regard to All Health Outcomes, p < 0.0001; Length of Life, p < 0.0001; Quality of Life, p < 0.0001; All Health Factors, p < 0.0001; Health Behaviors, p < 0.0001; Social and Economic Environment, p < 0.0001 and Physical Environment, p < 0.0001, than compared to US rural counties without CAHs. Rural counties serviced by CAHs demonstrate better overall health status scores, on several CHR metrics, as compared to rural counties without CAHs. The only exception to this conclusion being that rural counties without CAHs performed superiorly in the CHR metrics related to primary care and mental health services, demonstrating capacities in which CAHs could improve the impact on health in the counties they serve.

Published in	International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13
Page(s)	27-36
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

US Hospitals, County Health, Social Determinants, Community Benefit, Critical Access Hospitals

References

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APA Style

Kirtan Patel, Amber Maraccini, Timothy Grunert, Wei Yang, Anthony Slonim. (2021). Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 9(2), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13

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ACS Style

Kirtan Patel; Amber Maraccini; Timothy Grunert; Wei Yang; Anthony Slonim. Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(2), 27-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13

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AMA Style

Kirtan Patel, Amber Maraccini, Timothy Grunert, Wei Yang, Anthony Slonim. Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health. Int J Biomed Sci Eng. 2021;9(2):27-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13,
  author = {Kirtan Patel and Amber Maraccini and Timothy Grunert and Wei Yang and Anthony Slonim},
  title = {Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {27-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbse.20210902.13},
  abstract = {Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) were developed as a model to improve the access and availability of hospital services in rural counties. There has been limited research on clinical outcomes to evaluate the impact of CAHs since they were authorized through the Balanced Budget Act. This study evaluates CAH’s performance on clinical outcomes, and compares health outcomes between rural counties with CAHs and rural counties without established federally supported hospitals. The American Hospital Association’s (AHA) Annual Survey Database was used to identify CAHs within rural counties and their characteristics. The County Health Rankings (CHR) data were used to quantify health outcomes by county. US rural counties with CAHs versus remaining US rural counties without CAHs were correlated with measures of Clinical Care (p < 0.001). US rural counties with CAHs presented greater health status with regard to All Health Outcomes, p < 0.0001; Length of Life, p < 0.0001; Quality of Life, p < 0.0001; All Health Factors, p < 0.0001; Health Behaviors, p < 0.0001; Social and Economic Environment, p < 0.0001 and Physical Environment, p < 0.0001, than compared to US rural counties without CAHs. Rural counties serviced by CAHs demonstrate better overall health status scores, on several CHR metrics, as compared to rural counties without CAHs. The only exception to this conclusion being that rural counties without CAHs performed superiorly in the CHR metrics related to primary care and mental health services, demonstrating capacities in which CAHs could improve the impact on health in the counties they serve.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health
AU  - Kirtan Patel
AU  - Amber Maraccini
AU  - Timothy Grunert
AU  - Wei Yang
AU  - Anthony Slonim
Y1  - 2021/06/16
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
SP  - 27
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7235
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13
AB  - Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) were developed as a model to improve the access and availability of hospital services in rural counties. There has been limited research on clinical outcomes to evaluate the impact of CAHs since they were authorized through the Balanced Budget Act. This study evaluates CAH’s performance on clinical outcomes, and compares health outcomes between rural counties with CAHs and rural counties without established federally supported hospitals. The American Hospital Association’s (AHA) Annual Survey Database was used to identify CAHs within rural counties and their characteristics. The County Health Rankings (CHR) data were used to quantify health outcomes by county. US rural counties with CAHs versus remaining US rural counties without CAHs were correlated with measures of Clinical Care (p < 0.001). US rural counties with CAHs presented greater health status with regard to All Health Outcomes, p < 0.0001; Length of Life, p < 0.0001; Quality of Life, p < 0.0001; All Health Factors, p < 0.0001; Health Behaviors, p < 0.0001; Social and Economic Environment, p < 0.0001 and Physical Environment, p < 0.0001, than compared to US rural counties without CAHs. Rural counties serviced by CAHs demonstrate better overall health status scores, on several CHR metrics, as compared to rural counties without CAHs. The only exception to this conclusion being that rural counties without CAHs performed superiorly in the CHR metrics related to primary care and mental health services, demonstrating capacities in which CAHs could improve the impact on health in the counties they serve.
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Kirtan Patel

Renown Health, Reno, USA
Amber Maraccini

Renown Health, Reno, USA
Timothy Grunert

Renown Health, Reno, USA
Wei Yang

School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
Anthony Slonim

Renown Health, Reno, USA

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kirtan Patel, Amber Maraccini, Timothy Grunert, Wei Yang, Anthony Slonim. (2021). Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 9(2), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13

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ACS Style

Kirtan Patel; Amber Maraccini; Timothy Grunert; Wei Yang; Anthony Slonim. Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(2), 27-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13

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AMA Style

Kirtan Patel, Amber Maraccini, Timothy Grunert, Wei Yang, Anthony Slonim. Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health. Int J Biomed Sci Eng. 2021;9(2):27-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13,
  author = {Kirtan Patel and Amber Maraccini and Timothy Grunert and Wei Yang and Anthony Slonim},
  title = {Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {27-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbse.20210902.13},
  abstract = {Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) were developed as a model to improve the access and availability of hospital services in rural counties. There has been limited research on clinical outcomes to evaluate the impact of CAHs since they were authorized through the Balanced Budget Act. This study evaluates CAH’s performance on clinical outcomes, and compares health outcomes between rural counties with CAHs and rural counties without established federally supported hospitals. The American Hospital Association’s (AHA) Annual Survey Database was used to identify CAHs within rural counties and their characteristics. The County Health Rankings (CHR) data were used to quantify health outcomes by county. US rural counties with CAHs versus remaining US rural counties without CAHs were correlated with measures of Clinical Care (p < 0.001). US rural counties with CAHs presented greater health status with regard to All Health Outcomes, p < 0.0001; Length of Life, p < 0.0001; Quality of Life, p < 0.0001; All Health Factors, p < 0.0001; Health Behaviors, p < 0.0001; Social and Economic Environment, p < 0.0001 and Physical Environment, p < 0.0001, than compared to US rural counties without CAHs. Rural counties serviced by CAHs demonstrate better overall health status scores, on several CHR metrics, as compared to rural counties without CAHs. The only exception to this conclusion being that rural counties without CAHs performed superiorly in the CHR metrics related to primary care and mental health services, demonstrating capacities in which CAHs could improve the impact on health in the counties they serve.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring the Relationship Between Critical Access Hospitals and Rural County Health
AU  - Kirtan Patel
AU  - Amber Maraccini
AU  - Timothy Grunert
AU  - Wei Yang
AU  - Anthony Slonim
Y1  - 2021/06/16
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13
T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
SP  - 27
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7235
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20210902.13
AB  - Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) were developed as a model to improve the access and availability of hospital services in rural counties. There has been limited research on clinical outcomes to evaluate the impact of CAHs since they were authorized through the Balanced Budget Act. This study evaluates CAH’s performance on clinical outcomes, and compares health outcomes between rural counties with CAHs and rural counties without established federally supported hospitals. The American Hospital Association’s (AHA) Annual Survey Database was used to identify CAHs within rural counties and their characteristics. The County Health Rankings (CHR) data were used to quantify health outcomes by county. US rural counties with CAHs versus remaining US rural counties without CAHs were correlated with measures of Clinical Care (p < 0.001). US rural counties with CAHs presented greater health status with regard to All Health Outcomes, p < 0.0001; Length of Life, p < 0.0001; Quality of Life, p < 0.0001; All Health Factors, p < 0.0001; Health Behaviors, p < 0.0001; Social and Economic Environment, p < 0.0001 and Physical Environment, p < 0.0001, than compared to US rural counties without CAHs. Rural counties serviced by CAHs demonstrate better overall health status scores, on several CHR metrics, as compared to rural counties without CAHs. The only exception to this conclusion being that rural counties without CAHs performed superiorly in the CHR metrics related to primary care and mental health services, demonstrating capacities in which CAHs could improve the impact on health in the counties they serve.
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

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