Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan

Umair Shahzad

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11

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Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan

Umair Shahzad

Published in International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science (Volume 7, Issue 6)

Received: 1 July 2019 Accepted: 19 November 2019 Published: 26 November 2019

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Abstract

The health of an astronaut is a major ingredient to accomplish a mission in space. Science has introduced many different inventions that are assisting mankind in many ways even in space. This research comprises of a grounded theory that has been further partially accepted by a survey on undergraduate health nutritionists for the protection of the health of an astronaut in space craft. When a human is in space there are many factors that can lead to muscular problems. To reduce the risk of muscular problems of legs in space a bed pedal theory for invention is presented to 200 undergraduate health nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan and their responses are taken for further inventing the bed pedal. The author has estimated that without any fatigue a person can utilize 150 calories by exercising with a bed pedal for approximately thirty minutes by taking very less area compared to a stationary bike even in small space crafts it can be easily attached to any place feasible for an astronaut to exercise. This research is based on quantitative research method to analyze a hypothesis that is built on the bed pedal invention theory by taking responses via closed-ended questionnaires for the results. The findings are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and t-test showing partial acceptance on the idea of this theory. The study has implications for the International Space Station Research and Development and Pakistan Aeronautics and Space Administration (if established) for future application.

Published in	International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science (Volume 7, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11
Page(s)	59-65
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bed Pedal Theory, Micro Gravity, Space Cycle, Space Exercise, Astronaut Health, Artificial Gravity, Kinetic Energy, Life Sciences

References

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[2]	National Space Biomedical Research Institute, Space Cycle Tests Artificial Gravity As Solution To Muscle Loss, in ScienceDaily. 2005.
[3]	The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Wheel. 2019 [cited 2019 May 17]; Available from: https://www.britannica.com/technology/wheel.
[4]	Kreitenberg, A., J. Witmer, and J. Spiegel, Space cycle - Ground-based prototype development. 2000.
[5]	Young, L., K. Yajima, and W. Paloski, Artificial gravity research to enable human space exploration. Paris: International Academy of Astronautics, 2009: p. 1-37.
[6]	Kreitenberg, A., et al., The" Space Cycle" Self Powered Human Centrifuge: a proposed countermeasure for prolonged human spaceflight. Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 1998. 69 (1): p. 66-72.
[7]	MEDICA. Space Cycle Prevents Astronauts from Muscle Loss. MEDICA 2019 [cited 2019 August 27]; Available from: https://www.medica-tradefair.com/en/News/Archive/Space_Cycle_Prevents_Astronauts_from_Muscle_Loss.
[8]	Hopkin, M., Space cycle makes artificial gravity. nature, 2005.
[9]	Shahzad, U. Bed Paddle in Space Crafts: A Grounded Theory Using Survey Technique on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore, Pakistan. in 6th International Space Station Research and Development Conference. 2017. Washington, District of Columbia: American Astronautical Society Center for the Advancement of Science in Space National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
[10]	Encyclopædia Britannica. Kinetic energy. 2017 [cited 2019 August 31]; Available from: https://www.britannica.com/science/kinetic-energy.
[11]	Qualitative Reasoning Group. Is there any resistance to movement in space for DS1? Propulsion 1990 [cited 2019 6 July]; Available from: www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/vss/docs/propulsion/2-resisting-movement-in-space.html.
[12]	Pallant, J., SPSS survival manual: a step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows. 2004, Buckingham: Open University Press.
[13]	Survey Monkey. Learn when and how to use Likert scale survey questions. 2019 [cited 2019 October 13]; Available from: https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/likert-scale/.
[14]	Dilthey, M.R. How Many Calories Are Burned on a Stationary Bike in 30 Minutes? 2016 [cited 2017 20 June]; Available from: http://www.livestrong.com/article/217361-muscle-stationary-bike-work/.
[15]	The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Correlation. 2011 [cited 2019 November 16]; Available from: https://www.britannica.com/science/correlation.

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Umair Shahzad. (2019). Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan. International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science, 7(6), 59-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11

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ACS Style

Umair Shahzad. Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan. Int. J. Astrophys. Space Sci. 2019, 7(6), 59-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11

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AMA Style

Umair Shahzad. Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan. Int J Astrophys Space Sci. 2019;7(6):59-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11,
  author = {Umair Shahzad},
  title = {Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan},
  journal = {International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science},
  volume = {7},
  number = {6},
  pages = {59-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijass.20190706.11},
  abstract = {The health of an astronaut is a major ingredient to accomplish a mission in space. Science has introduced many different inventions that are assisting mankind in many ways even in space. This research comprises of a grounded theory that has been further partially accepted by a survey on undergraduate health nutritionists for the protection of the health of an astronaut in space craft. When a human is in space there are many factors that can lead to muscular problems. To reduce the risk of muscular problems of legs in space a bed pedal theory for invention is presented to 200 undergraduate health nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan and their responses are taken for further inventing the bed pedal. The author has estimated that without any fatigue a person can utilize 150 calories by exercising with a bed pedal for approximately thirty minutes by taking very less area compared to a stationary bike even in small space crafts it can be easily attached to any place feasible for an astronaut to exercise. This research is based on quantitative research method to analyze a hypothesis that is built on the bed pedal invention theory by taking responses via closed-ended questionnaires for the results. The findings are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and t-test showing partial acceptance on the idea of this theory. The study has implications for the International Space Station Research and Development and Pakistan Aeronautics and Space Administration (if established) for future application.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan
AU  - Umair Shahzad
Y1  - 2019/11/26
PY  - 2019
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DO  - 10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11
T2  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JF  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JO  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
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AB  - The health of an astronaut is a major ingredient to accomplish a mission in space. Science has introduced many different inventions that are assisting mankind in many ways even in space. This research comprises of a grounded theory that has been further partially accepted by a survey on undergraduate health nutritionists for the protection of the health of an astronaut in space craft. When a human is in space there are many factors that can lead to muscular problems. To reduce the risk of muscular problems of legs in space a bed pedal theory for invention is presented to 200 undergraduate health nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan and their responses are taken for further inventing the bed pedal. The author has estimated that without any fatigue a person can utilize 150 calories by exercising with a bed pedal for approximately thirty minutes by taking very less area compared to a stationary bike even in small space crafts it can be easily attached to any place feasible for an astronaut to exercise. This research is based on quantitative research method to analyze a hypothesis that is built on the bed pedal invention theory by taking responses via closed-ended questionnaires for the results. The findings are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and t-test showing partial acceptance on the idea of this theory. The study has implications for the International Space Station Research and Development and Pakistan Aeronautics and Space Administration (if established) for future application.
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Umair Shahzad

Department of Computer Sciences, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Umair Shahzad. (2019). Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan. International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science, 7(6), 59-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11

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ACS Style

Umair Shahzad. Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan. Int. J. Astrophys. Space Sci. 2019, 7(6), 59-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11

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AMA Style

Umair Shahzad. Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan. Int J Astrophys Space Sci. 2019;7(6):59-65. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11,
  author = {Umair Shahzad},
  title = {Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan},
  journal = {International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science},
  volume = {7},
  number = {6},
  pages = {59-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijass.20190706.11},
  abstract = {The health of an astronaut is a major ingredient to accomplish a mission in space. Science has introduced many different inventions that are assisting mankind in many ways even in space. This research comprises of a grounded theory that has been further partially accepted by a survey on undergraduate health nutritionists for the protection of the health of an astronaut in space craft. When a human is in space there are many factors that can lead to muscular problems. To reduce the risk of muscular problems of legs in space a bed pedal theory for invention is presented to 200 undergraduate health nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan and their responses are taken for further inventing the bed pedal. The author has estimated that without any fatigue a person can utilize 150 calories by exercising with a bed pedal for approximately thirty minutes by taking very less area compared to a stationary bike even in small space crafts it can be easily attached to any place feasible for an astronaut to exercise. This research is based on quantitative research method to analyze a hypothesis that is built on the bed pedal invention theory by taking responses via closed-ended questionnaires for the results. The findings are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and t-test showing partial acceptance on the idea of this theory. The study has implications for the International Space Station Research and Development and Pakistan Aeronautics and Space Administration (if established) for future application.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan
AU  - Umair Shahzad
Y1  - 2019/11/26
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11
T2  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JF  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JO  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
SP  - 59
EP  - 65
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20190706.11
AB  - The health of an astronaut is a major ingredient to accomplish a mission in space. Science has introduced many different inventions that are assisting mankind in many ways even in space. This research comprises of a grounded theory that has been further partially accepted by a survey on undergraduate health nutritionists for the protection of the health of an astronaut in space craft. When a human is in space there are many factors that can lead to muscular problems. To reduce the risk of muscular problems of legs in space a bed pedal theory for invention is presented to 200 undergraduate health nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan and their responses are taken for further inventing the bed pedal. The author has estimated that without any fatigue a person can utilize 150 calories by exercising with a bed pedal for approximately thirty minutes by taking very less area compared to a stationary bike even in small space crafts it can be easily attached to any place feasible for an astronaut to exercise. This research is based on quantitative research method to analyze a hypothesis that is built on the bed pedal invention theory by taking responses via closed-ended questionnaires for the results. The findings are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and t-test showing partial acceptance on the idea of this theory. The study has implications for the International Space Station Research and Development and Pakistan Aeronautics and Space Administration (if established) for future application.
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download