| Peer-Reviewed

Camel: The Symbol of Honor, Pride and Love of Arab Bedouins

Received: 8 January 2022     Accepted: 24 February 2022     Published: 9 March 2022
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Hundreds of papers are written on camel, its importance and love for the Bedouins, but this author has documented 14000 camelperolyphs from all over Saudi Arabia and rejected the claim that camel was present in Saudi Arabian in the Neolithic. The paper contains information about camel, its presence in Arabia and art of nature as compared toart of people. Camel was not present in Arabia during the Neolithic period. It appeared most likely in the bronze age when the climate of Saudi Arabia changed from cool and humid to hot and dry conditions. It is yet not known from where the camel was brought to Arabia, but it is certain that it did not originate in the Arabian Peninsula. Dating of camel by Guillaume Charloux attributing it to 7000 years is debatable. Although camels are not used these days for transportation due to introduction of modern jeeps and other vehicles these are still kept by the Bedouins and Tribal Sheiks as a symbol of honor and prestige. Similarly young Saudis settled in towns and cities have completely no knowledge of their tribal symbols. This old tradition is now dying as camel is no more important for them, but such symbols are preserved on the mountains, hills and caves where in the past their ancestors lived. This author has collected 4000 such symbols from all over Saudi Arabia.

Published in International Journal of Archaeology (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13
Page(s) 20-23
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Arabian Camel, Bronze Age, One Humped Dromedary, Never Worshiped, Bedouins Most Loving Animal, Natural and Manmade Petroglyphs, Camel Brand, Tribal Symbols

References
[1] Ali S. al-Moghannam and John Warwick (1989) Excavations of the Dhahran Burial Mounds, 3rd season. Atlal vol. 10 pp 27-28.
[2] Ansari, A. R. (1981) Qaryat al-Fao. A Portrait of Pre-Islamic Civilization in Saudi Arabia. King Saud University, Riyadh.
[3] Arthur Leonard (1984) The Camel London and New York 1894 page 2.
[4] Bruno, F and Ali S. al-Mughannum (1984) Excavations of the Dhahran burial Mounds. Atlal 9.
[5] Bulliet, R. W (1975) The Camel and the Wheel. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massa chutes, USA.
[6] Charloux, G., H. Al-Khalifah, T. Al-Maliki, R. Menson and R Schwerdtner (2018) Antiquity 92 (361); 165-182.
[7] Khan, M. (1985). Rock Art and Epigraphic Survey of northwestern Saudi Arabia, Atlal, vol. 9.
[8] Khan, M. (1991) Recent Rock Art and Epigraphic Investigations in Saudi Arabia, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, University of London.
[9] Khan, M. (1993) Prehistoric Rock Art of Northern Saudi Arabia. Ph. D Thesis, University of Southampton, U.K., published by the Ministry of Education.
[10] Khan, M. (1996) Rock Art Research in the Arabian Peninsula, Levant and Anatolia. News of the World 1, pp. 95-103. Edited by Paul Bahn and Angelo Fassati. Oxbow Publications 72.
[11] Khan, M. (1998). A Critical Review of Rock Art Studies in Saudi Arabia, East and West vol. 48, no. 3. Italy.
[12] Khan, M. (2000). Wusum - the tribal symbols of Saudi Arabia. Bilingual (Eng./Arabic) published by the Ministry of Education, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on the occasion of “Riyadh, the Capital of Arabian Culture 2000”.
[13] Khan, M. (2007). Rock Art of Saudi Arabia Across Twelve Thousands Years. Published by the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities, Riyadh.
[14] Khan, M. (2012). Arabian Horse – Origin, Development and History. Published by the Layan Cultural Foundation, Riyadh.
[15] Khan, M. (2020) Camel in the Ancient Art, History and culture of Saudi Arabia. King Abdul Aziz Library, Riyadh.
[16] Ripinsky, M. (1975). The Camel in Ancient Arabia. Antiquity, XiLX 295-8.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Majeed Khan. (2022). Camel: The Symbol of Honor, Pride and Love of Arab Bedouins. International Journal of Archaeology, 10(1), 20-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Majeed Khan. Camel: The Symbol of Honor, Pride and Love of Arab Bedouins. Int. J. Archaeol. 2022, 10(1), 20-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Majeed Khan. Camel: The Symbol of Honor, Pride and Love of Arab Bedouins. Int J Archaeol. 2022;10(1):20-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13,
      author = {Majeed Khan},
      title = {Camel: The Symbol of Honor, Pride and Love of Arab Bedouins},
      journal = {International Journal of Archaeology},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {20-23},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ija.20221001.13},
      abstract = {Hundreds of papers are written on camel, its importance and love for the Bedouins, but this author has documented 14000 camelperolyphs from all over Saudi Arabia and rejected the claim that camel was present in Saudi Arabian in the Neolithic. The paper contains information about camel, its presence in Arabia and art of nature as compared toart of people. Camel was not present in Arabia during the Neolithic period. It appeared most likely in the bronze age when the climate of Saudi Arabia changed from cool and humid to hot and dry conditions. It is yet not known from where the camel was brought to Arabia, but it is certain that it did not originate in the Arabian Peninsula. Dating of camel by Guillaume Charloux attributing it to 7000 years is debatable. Although camels are not used these days for transportation due to introduction of modern jeeps and other vehicles these are still kept by the Bedouins and Tribal Sheiks as a symbol of honor and prestige. Similarly young Saudis settled in towns and cities have completely no knowledge of their tribal symbols. This old tradition is now dying as camel is no more important for them, but such symbols are preserved on the mountains, hills and caves where in the past their ancestors lived. This author has collected 4000 such symbols from all over Saudi Arabia.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Camel: The Symbol of Honor, Pride and Love of Arab Bedouins
    AU  - Majeed Khan
    Y1  - 2022/03/09
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13
    T2  - International Journal of Archaeology
    JF  - International Journal of Archaeology
    JO  - International Journal of Archaeology
    SP  - 20
    EP  - 23
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7595
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20221001.13
    AB  - Hundreds of papers are written on camel, its importance and love for the Bedouins, but this author has documented 14000 camelperolyphs from all over Saudi Arabia and rejected the claim that camel was present in Saudi Arabian in the Neolithic. The paper contains information about camel, its presence in Arabia and art of nature as compared toart of people. Camel was not present in Arabia during the Neolithic period. It appeared most likely in the bronze age when the climate of Saudi Arabia changed from cool and humid to hot and dry conditions. It is yet not known from where the camel was brought to Arabia, but it is certain that it did not originate in the Arabian Peninsula. Dating of camel by Guillaume Charloux attributing it to 7000 years is debatable. Although camels are not used these days for transportation due to introduction of modern jeeps and other vehicles these are still kept by the Bedouins and Tribal Sheiks as a symbol of honor and prestige. Similarly young Saudis settled in towns and cities have completely no knowledge of their tribal symbols. This old tradition is now dying as camel is no more important for them, but such symbols are preserved on the mountains, hills and caves where in the past their ancestors lived. This author has collected 4000 such symbols from all over Saudi Arabia.
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Antiquities Sector, Ministry of Culture, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

  • Sections