Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89

Tawanda Marufu; Seter Siziya; Willard Tinago

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13

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Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89

Tawanda Marufu, Seter Siziya, Willard Tinago

Published in European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 15 March 2016 Accepted: 25 March 2016 Published: 13 April 2016

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Abstract

A study was carried out in Gweru urban district (population-158233) in Zimbabwe to determine the impact of measles vaccine applied at 9 months of age on measles transmission patterns. A retrospective observational study that used data from measles vaccination records and measles disease surveillance was conducted. Linear regression analysis and the chi-squared test for linear trend (χ²) were used to investigate linear relationships at a 5% significance level. Vaccine coverage rates were 0% in pre-vaccination era in 1960-70 and 2-92% in 1971-89 (median=65, Q₁=34, Q₃=88) when they significantly linearly increased (p<0.001). In 1960-85 measles incidence rates significantly linearly increased (p<0.001) while in 1986-89 at vaccine coverage rates of >90% incidence rates significantly linearly declined (p<0.001). Proportion of vaccinated cases among measles notifications significantly linearly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased (Slope: +1.19, 95% CI [0.52, 1.86]). At vaccine coverage rates of >80% (1984-89), proportion of vaccine failures among cases aged 60-119 months was significantly higher than at vaccine coverage rates of <80% (1971-83) (p=0.011) while in age group 10-59 months proportions of vaccine failures were not different at vaccine coverage rates of <80% and >80%. In age group 60-119 months incidence rates significantly linearly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased (Slope: +29.88, 95 CI [13.95, 45.82]). In pre-vaccination era, and at vaccine coverage rates of <80% and >80% some 75% of all reported measles cases occurred by age 36-47 months, 48-59 months and 72-83 months respectively. In conclusion, measles incidence rates declined at vaccine coverage rates of >90%, while measles vaccine failures significantly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased. Increasing measles vaccination coverage led to shift of age at infection from age group <59 months to age group 60-119 months and decline in rates of measles transmission.

Published in	European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13
Page(s)	65-72
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Measles Vaccination, Impact, Transmission Patterns

References

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APA Style

Tawanda Marufu, Seter Siziya, Willard Tinago. (2016). Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4(3), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13

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ACS Style

Tawanda Marufu; Seter Siziya; Willard Tinago. Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2016, 4(3), 65-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13

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Tawanda Marufu, Seter Siziya, Willard Tinago. Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89. Eur J Prev Med. 2016;4(3):65-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13,
  author = {Tawanda Marufu and Seter Siziya and Willard Tinago},
  title = {Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89},
  journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {65-72},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20160403.13},
  abstract = {A study was carried out in Gweru urban district (population-158233) in Zimbabwe to determine the impact of measles vaccine applied at 9 months of age on measles transmission patterns. A retrospective observational study that used data from measles vaccination records and measles disease surveillance was conducted. Linear regression analysis and the chi-squared test for linear trend (χ2) were used to investigate linear relationships at a 5% significance level. Vaccine coverage rates were 0% in pre-vaccination era in 1960-70 and 2-92% in 1971-89 (median=65, Q1=34, Q3=88) when they significantly linearly increased (p90% incidence rates significantly linearly declined (p80% (1984-89), proportion of vaccine failures among cases aged 60-119 months was significantly higher than at vaccine coverage rates of 80%. In age group 60-119 months incidence rates significantly linearly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased (Slope: +29.88, 95 CI [13.95, 45.82]). In pre-vaccination era, and at vaccine coverage rates of 80% some 75% of all reported measles cases occurred by age 36-47 months, 48-59 months and 72-83 months respectively. In conclusion, measles incidence rates declined at vaccine coverage rates of >90%, while measles vaccine failures significantly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased. Increasing measles vaccination coverage led to shift of age at infection from age group <59 months to age group 60-119 months and decline in rates of measles transmission.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89
AU  - Tawanda Marufu
AU  - Seter Siziya
AU  - Willard Tinago
Y1  - 2016/04/13
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13
T2  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JO  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
SP  - 65
EP  - 72
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8230
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13
AB  - A study was carried out in Gweru urban district (population-158233) in Zimbabwe to determine the impact of measles vaccine applied at 9 months of age on measles transmission patterns. A retrospective observational study that used data from measles vaccination records and measles disease surveillance was conducted. Linear regression analysis and the chi-squared test for linear trend (χ2) were used to investigate linear relationships at a 5% significance level. Vaccine coverage rates were 0% in pre-vaccination era in 1960-70 and 2-92% in 1971-89 (median=65, Q1=34, Q3=88) when they significantly linearly increased (p90% incidence rates significantly linearly declined (p80% (1984-89), proportion of vaccine failures among cases aged 60-119 months was significantly higher than at vaccine coverage rates of 80%. In age group 60-119 months incidence rates significantly linearly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased (Slope: +29.88, 95 CI [13.95, 45.82]). In pre-vaccination era, and at vaccine coverage rates of 80% some 75% of all reported measles cases occurred by age 36-47 months, 48-59 months and 72-83 months respectively. In conclusion, measles incidence rates declined at vaccine coverage rates of >90%, while measles vaccine failures significantly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased. Increasing measles vaccination coverage led to shift of age at infection from age group <59 months to age group 60-119 months and decline in rates of measles transmission.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Tawanda Marufu

Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
Seter Siziya

Department of Clinical Sciences, Copperbelt University School of Medicine, Ndola, Zambia
Willard Tinago

Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe

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APA Style

Tawanda Marufu, Seter Siziya, Willard Tinago. (2016). Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4(3), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13

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ACS Style

Tawanda Marufu; Seter Siziya; Willard Tinago. Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2016, 4(3), 65-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13

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AMA Style

Tawanda Marufu, Seter Siziya, Willard Tinago. Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89. Eur J Prev Med. 2016;4(3):65-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13,
  author = {Tawanda Marufu and Seter Siziya and Willard Tinago},
  title = {Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89},
  journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {65-72},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20160403.13},
  abstract = {A study was carried out in Gweru urban district (population-158233) in Zimbabwe to determine the impact of measles vaccine applied at 9 months of age on measles transmission patterns. A retrospective observational study that used data from measles vaccination records and measles disease surveillance was conducted. Linear regression analysis and the chi-squared test for linear trend (χ2) were used to investigate linear relationships at a 5% significance level. Vaccine coverage rates were 0% in pre-vaccination era in 1960-70 and 2-92% in 1971-89 (median=65, Q1=34, Q3=88) when they significantly linearly increased (p90% incidence rates significantly linearly declined (p80% (1984-89), proportion of vaccine failures among cases aged 60-119 months was significantly higher than at vaccine coverage rates of 80%. In age group 60-119 months incidence rates significantly linearly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased (Slope: +29.88, 95 CI [13.95, 45.82]). In pre-vaccination era, and at vaccine coverage rates of 80% some 75% of all reported measles cases occurred by age 36-47 months, 48-59 months and 72-83 months respectively. In conclusion, measles incidence rates declined at vaccine coverage rates of >90%, while measles vaccine failures significantly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased. Increasing measles vaccination coverage led to shift of age at infection from age group <59 months to age group 60-119 months and decline in rates of measles transmission.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of Vaccination on Measles Transmission Patterns in Gweru City, Zimbabwe, 1960-89
AU  - Tawanda Marufu
AU  - Seter Siziya
AU  - Willard Tinago
Y1  - 2016/04/13
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13
T2  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JO  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
SP  - 65
EP  - 72
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8230
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20160403.13
AB  - A study was carried out in Gweru urban district (population-158233) in Zimbabwe to determine the impact of measles vaccine applied at 9 months of age on measles transmission patterns. A retrospective observational study that used data from measles vaccination records and measles disease surveillance was conducted. Linear regression analysis and the chi-squared test for linear trend (χ2) were used to investigate linear relationships at a 5% significance level. Vaccine coverage rates were 0% in pre-vaccination era in 1960-70 and 2-92% in 1971-89 (median=65, Q1=34, Q3=88) when they significantly linearly increased (p90% incidence rates significantly linearly declined (p80% (1984-89), proportion of vaccine failures among cases aged 60-119 months was significantly higher than at vaccine coverage rates of 80%. In age group 60-119 months incidence rates significantly linearly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased (Slope: +29.88, 95 CI [13.95, 45.82]). In pre-vaccination era, and at vaccine coverage rates of 80% some 75% of all reported measles cases occurred by age 36-47 months, 48-59 months and 72-83 months respectively. In conclusion, measles incidence rates declined at vaccine coverage rates of >90%, while measles vaccine failures significantly increased as vaccine coverage rates increased. Increasing measles vaccination coverage led to shift of age at infection from age group <59 months to age group 60-119 months and decline in rates of measles transmission.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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