A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge; Joseph Arap Koske; Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18

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A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge, Joseph Arap Koske, Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni

Published in American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics (Volume 5, Issue 6)

Received: 15 October 2016 Accepted: 27 October 2016 Published: 18 November 2016

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Abstract

Screening experiments are usually performed on mixtures in order to determine the experimental variables that have significant influence on the targeted response. In this study, a screening experiment was carried out on a herbal formulation prescribed by a registered Kenyan herbalist to diabetes mellitus type II patients. The herbal formulation was composed of the following six herbs: Utica dioica, Moringaoleifera, Cinnamomum verum, Azadirachta indica, Momordica charantia and Gymnema sylvestre. The targeted response was the change that had occurred in blood glucose level 2 hours after the herbal drug treatment had been administered to alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. An axial mixture design with replicated centre points was adopted and a first degree mixture model fitted to the data. The axial mixture design was constructed using Design Expert^® software with randomly distributed 23 design points positioned on the component axes. The analysis of the data was carried out using the R statistical software environment. The results showed that Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica caused the highest change individually on the blood glucose level among the six herbs. The complete mixture of the six herbs registered the lowest reduction in the blood glucose level. We recommend that the two herbs, Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica, be tested farther to find out the most optimal conditions for their extraction in terms of temperature and time so as to produce a maximum reduction on the blood glucose level. In addition, we recommend that this study be extended to higher animals to establish whether the same patterns would be observed and also obtain the appropriate dosage levels.

Published in	American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18
Page(s)	387-394
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Screening Mixtures, Axial Design, Experiment, Herbal Medicine, Diabetes Mellitus

References

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APA Style

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge, Joseph Arap Koske, Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni. (2016). A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(6), 387-394. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18

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ACS Style

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge; Joseph Arap Koske; Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni. A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation. Am. J. Theor. Appl. Stat. 2016, 5(6), 387-394. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18

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AMA Style

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge, Joseph Arap Koske, Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni. A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation. Am J Theor Appl Stat. 2016;5(6):387-394. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18,
  author = {Gladys Gakenia Njoroge and Joseph Arap Koske and Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni},
  title = {A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation},
  journal = {American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {387-394},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtas.20160506.18},
  abstract = {Screening experiments are usually performed on mixtures in order to determine the experimental variables that have significant influence on the targeted response. In this study, a screening experiment was carried out on a herbal formulation prescribed by a registered Kenyan herbalist to diabetes mellitus type II patients. The herbal formulation was composed of the following six herbs: Utica dioica, Moringaoleifera, Cinnamomum verum, Azadirachta indica, Momordica charantia and Gymnema sylvestre. The targeted response was the change that had occurred in blood glucose level 2 hours after the herbal drug treatment had been administered to alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. An axial mixture design with replicated centre points was adopted and a first degree mixture model fitted to the data. The axial mixture design was constructed using Design Expert® software with randomly distributed 23 design points positioned on the component axes. The analysis of the data was carried out using the R statistical software environment. The results showed that Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica caused the highest change individually on the blood glucose level among the six herbs. The complete mixture of the six herbs registered the lowest reduction in the blood glucose level. We recommend that the two herbs, Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica, be tested farther to find out the most optimal conditions for their extraction in terms of temperature and time so as to produce a maximum reduction on the blood glucose level. In addition, we recommend that this study be extended to higher animals to establish whether the same patterns would be observed and also obtain the appropriate dosage levels.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation
AU  - Gladys Gakenia Njoroge
AU  - Joseph Arap Koske
AU  - Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni
Y1  - 2016/11/18
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18
T2  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
SP  - 387
EP  - 394
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18
AB  - Screening experiments are usually performed on mixtures in order to determine the experimental variables that have significant influence on the targeted response. In this study, a screening experiment was carried out on a herbal formulation prescribed by a registered Kenyan herbalist to diabetes mellitus type II patients. The herbal formulation was composed of the following six herbs: Utica dioica, Moringaoleifera, Cinnamomum verum, Azadirachta indica, Momordica charantia and Gymnema sylvestre. The targeted response was the change that had occurred in blood glucose level 2 hours after the herbal drug treatment had been administered to alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. An axial mixture design with replicated centre points was adopted and a first degree mixture model fitted to the data. The axial mixture design was constructed using Design Expert® software with randomly distributed 23 design points positioned on the component axes. The analysis of the data was carried out using the R statistical software environment. The results showed that Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica caused the highest change individually on the blood glucose level among the six herbs. The complete mixture of the six herbs registered the lowest reduction in the blood glucose level. We recommend that the two herbs, Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica, be tested farther to find out the most optimal conditions for their extraction in terms of temperature and time so as to produce a maximum reduction on the blood glucose level. In addition, we recommend that this study be extended to higher animals to establish whether the same patterns would be observed and also obtain the appropriate dosage levels.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge

Department of Physical Sciences, Chuka University, Chuka, Kenya
Joseph Arap Koske

Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni

Department of Zoological Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

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APA Style

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge, Joseph Arap Koske, Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni. (2016). A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(6), 387-394. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18

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ACS Style

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge; Joseph Arap Koske; Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni. A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation. Am. J. Theor. Appl. Stat. 2016, 5(6), 387-394. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18

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AMA Style

Gladys Gakenia Njoroge, Joseph Arap Koske, Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni. A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation. Am J Theor Appl Stat. 2016;5(6):387-394. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18,
  author = {Gladys Gakenia Njoroge and Joseph Arap Koske and Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni},
  title = {A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation},
  journal = {American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {387-394},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtas.20160506.18},
  abstract = {Screening experiments are usually performed on mixtures in order to determine the experimental variables that have significant influence on the targeted response. In this study, a screening experiment was carried out on a herbal formulation prescribed by a registered Kenyan herbalist to diabetes mellitus type II patients. The herbal formulation was composed of the following six herbs: Utica dioica, Moringaoleifera, Cinnamomum verum, Azadirachta indica, Momordica charantia and Gymnema sylvestre. The targeted response was the change that had occurred in blood glucose level 2 hours after the herbal drug treatment had been administered to alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. An axial mixture design with replicated centre points was adopted and a first degree mixture model fitted to the data. The axial mixture design was constructed using Design Expert® software with randomly distributed 23 design points positioned on the component axes. The analysis of the data was carried out using the R statistical software environment. The results showed that Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica caused the highest change individually on the blood glucose level among the six herbs. The complete mixture of the six herbs registered the lowest reduction in the blood glucose level. We recommend that the two herbs, Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica, be tested farther to find out the most optimal conditions for their extraction in terms of temperature and time so as to produce a maximum reduction on the blood glucose level. In addition, we recommend that this study be extended to higher animals to establish whether the same patterns would be observed and also obtain the appropriate dosage levels.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Screening Experiment on a Diabetes Mellitus Herbal Formulation
AU  - Gladys Gakenia Njoroge
AU  - Joseph Arap Koske
AU  - Jemimah Ayuma Simbauni
Y1  - 2016/11/18
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18
T2  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
SP  - 387
EP  - 394
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160506.18
AB  - Screening experiments are usually performed on mixtures in order to determine the experimental variables that have significant influence on the targeted response. In this study, a screening experiment was carried out on a herbal formulation prescribed by a registered Kenyan herbalist to diabetes mellitus type II patients. The herbal formulation was composed of the following six herbs: Utica dioica, Moringaoleifera, Cinnamomum verum, Azadirachta indica, Momordica charantia and Gymnema sylvestre. The targeted response was the change that had occurred in blood glucose level 2 hours after the herbal drug treatment had been administered to alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. An axial mixture design with replicated centre points was adopted and a first degree mixture model fitted to the data. The axial mixture design was constructed using Design Expert® software with randomly distributed 23 design points positioned on the component axes. The analysis of the data was carried out using the R statistical software environment. The results showed that Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica caused the highest change individually on the blood glucose level among the six herbs. The complete mixture of the six herbs registered the lowest reduction in the blood glucose level. We recommend that the two herbs, Cinnamomum verum and Azadirachta indica, be tested farther to find out the most optimal conditions for their extraction in terms of temperature and time so as to produce a maximum reduction on the blood glucose level. In addition, we recommend that this study be extended to higher animals to establish whether the same patterns would be observed and also obtain the appropriate dosage levels.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

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