@article{10.11648/j.ajpn.20210902.11,
  author = {Leonora Grinio},
  title = {A New Hypothesis of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy},
  journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {25-30},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpn.20210902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20210902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpn.20210902.11},
  abstract = {Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is the product the mutation the gene-dystrophine and appearing defective protein dystropnin. Its function is unclear, suppose protection membranes during the contraction-relax skeletal muscles. The cytoplasmic dystrophin acts as the complexes with different proteins inside and around membranes, which are placing in skeletal muscls, heart, different regions brain, internal organs, their function unclear. The high activity enzyme creatin-kinasa in the patients blood is the known fact which is usually explain damage of the process contraction-relax skeletal muscles. The surprising activity enzyme -23 000 M E was found by author at large families with typical pedigree where have some patients and some boys without signs muscle weakness. There were 4 boys 12-22 months life during forming walk, later these boys were diagnosed as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patients. Such activity I did not find in literature. Usually the highest activity enzyme 10 000-12 000 ME. This fact testify the simultaneously damage many membranes on large territory, it permits suppose organized damage membranes. Author believe all complexes normal dystrophines may work as one System, beginning learn walk and finishing as age myopathy after 60 years. Suppose the System was ancient and appeared when movements become intensive and one gene utrophine/dystrophine turned out in two genes: utrophin and dystrophin. Dystrophin signal communication is known, but its investigation has begun and showed complex signaling pathways. It is possible to suppose that the first stage of the disease is damage signaling ways. Damage homeostasis and membranes is the second stage. There are deep changes of metabolism: decreasing true muscle proteins, phospholipids, increasing hormones, appearing hyper aminoaciduria. Apoptosis –the three stage of the disease and general destructive factor which turn out pathologic process to the fatal end. Apoptosis hinder all tryings organism to interrupt pathological process and therapeutic trying. Apoptosis can not stop once it began. All three stages have place in preclinical time. The clinic symptoms express destruction more the half skeletal muscles, severe damage metabolism, damage system protection membranes and can not be onset of the disease. The important problem of the disease – studying interaction dystrophin-complexes with membranes during physical stress, signaling ways. Two factors determinate rapid course: damage D-System and apoptosis.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A New Hypothesis of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
AU  - Leonora Grinio
Y1  - 2021/04/13
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20210902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpn.20210902.11
T2  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
SP  - 25
EP  - 30
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-426X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20210902.11
AB  - Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is the product the mutation the gene-dystrophine and appearing defective protein dystropnin. Its function is unclear, suppose protection membranes during the contraction-relax skeletal muscles. The cytoplasmic dystrophin acts as the complexes with different proteins inside and around membranes, which are placing in skeletal muscls, heart, different regions brain, internal organs, their function unclear. The high activity enzyme creatin-kinasa in the patients blood is the known fact which is usually explain damage of the process contraction-relax skeletal muscles. The surprising activity enzyme -23 000 M E was found by author at large families with typical pedigree where have some patients and some boys without signs muscle weakness. There were 4 boys 12-22 months life during forming walk, later these boys were diagnosed as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patients. Such activity I did not find in literature. Usually the highest activity enzyme 10 000-12 000 ME. This fact testify the simultaneously damage many membranes on large territory, it permits suppose organized damage membranes. Author believe all complexes normal dystrophines may work as one System, beginning learn walk and finishing as age myopathy after 60 years. Suppose the System was ancient and appeared when movements become intensive and one gene utrophine/dystrophine turned out in two genes: utrophin and dystrophin. Dystrophin signal communication is known, but its investigation has begun and showed complex signaling pathways. It is possible to suppose that the first stage of the disease is damage signaling ways. Damage homeostasis and membranes is the second stage. There are deep changes of metabolism: decreasing true muscle proteins, phospholipids, increasing hormones, appearing hyper aminoaciduria. Apoptosis –the three stage of the disease and general destructive factor which turn out pathologic process to the fatal end. Apoptosis hinder all tryings organism to interrupt pathological process and therapeutic trying. Apoptosis can not stop once it began. All three stages have place in preclinical time. The clinic symptoms express destruction more the half skeletal muscles, severe damage metabolism, damage system protection membranes and can not be onset of the disease. The important problem of the disease – studying interaction dystrophin-complexes with membranes during physical stress, signaling ways. Two factors determinate rapid course: damage D-System and apoptosis.
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  - 

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