To reduce fossil fuel dependence and greenhouse gases, biomass energy is in high demand. Hura crepitans (HC) is a widely distributed plant species in Benin. But its seed oils are reputed to be purgative and unfit for consumption. So, we collected the seeds of HC in Agame (South of Benin). They were extracted and the seed oils have been converted into biodiesel. First, the quality indices (acid, peroxide, iodine and saponification) were determined. Then, elementary physicochemical parameters and fuel properties of the extracted oil have been highlighted according to standardised methods. Transesterification parameters of the seed oils (alcohol/oil and catalyst/oil ratios, temperature and yield) were also studied. The fatty acids of vegetable oil and the characteristics of its obtained biodiesel were finally identified. It appears that HC seeds have a lipid potential of 52.54%. Its oil is unsaturated and dominated by linoleic acid (54.13%). The yield of the transesterification reaction is 81.47%. The fuel parameters of the obtained biodiesel are: acidity (0.41%); density at 26°C (0.887); cetane number (54.44) compared to those of HC seed oils: acidity (4.81%), density at 26°C (0.929) and cetane number (44.53). The biodiesel obtained by transesterification with potash has much better parameters that comply with biodiesel standards. These results suggest that biodiesel of HC could be proposed to power Diesel engines without a preheating system.
| Published in | American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11 |
| Page(s) | 50-57 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Hura crepitans, Transesterification, Biodiesel, Fuel Parameters
| [1] | GIEC. (2014). Changements climatiques 2014: Rapport de synthèse. Contribution des groupes de travail I, II et III au cinquième rapport d’évaluation du Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat. Genève, Suisse, P. 180. |
| [2] | Ramadhas, A. S., Jayaraj, S. & Muraleedharan, C. (2005). Biodiesel production from high FFA rubber seed oil. Fuel. 84 (4), 335–340. |
| [3] | Benoist, A. (2009). Eléments d’adaptation de la méthodologie d’analyse de cycle de vie aux carburants végétaux: cas de la première génération. Paris, France, P. 226. |
| [4] | Mellak, A., Le Roux, Y., Bouarab, R. & Ahmed-Zaïd, T. (2018). Contribution à la production du biogaz à partir d’effluents d’élevage animaliers en Algérie. Algerian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology April edition. 5 (1), 88–889. |
| [5] | Balat, M. & Balat, H. (2009). Recent trends in global production and utilization of bioethanol fuel. Applied Energy. 86 (11), 2273-2282. |
| [6] | Kulkarni, M. G. & Dalai, A. K. (2006). Waste cooking oil – an economical source for biodiesel: A review. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 45 (9), 2901-2913. |
| [7] | CIRAD. (2008). Guide technique pour une utilisation énergétique des huiles végétales. - Brasilia. Patrick Rousset, Coordonnateur, P. 288. |
| [8] | Khiari, K. (2016). Contribution à l’étude des propriétés thermo-physiques des biocarburants de seconde génération et leur influence sur le comportement des moteurs, Thèse de doctorat de l’Université Bretagne Loire, 195p. |
| [9] | Subhedar, P. B. & Gogate, P. R. (2016). Ultrasound assisted intensification of biodiesel production using enzymatic interesterification. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 29, 67–75. |
| [10] | Richard, R., Li, Y., Dubreuil, B., Thiebaud-Roux, S. & Prat, L. (2011). On-line monitoring of the transesterification reaction between triglycerides and ethanol using near infrared spectroscopy combined with gas chromatography. Bioresource Technology. 102 (12), 6702–6709. |
| [11] | Nitièma-Yefanova, S. (2013). Optimisation de la production du biodiesel éthylique à partir des huiles végétales non conventionnelles. Thèse de doctorat à l’Université de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), 219p. |
| [12] | Demirbas, F. M., Balat, M. & Balat, H. (2011). Biowastes-to-biofuels. Energy Conversion and Management. 52 (4), 1815-1828. |
| [13] | Adewuyi, A., Awolade, P. O. & Oderinde, R. A. (2014). Hura crepitans Seed Oil: An Alternative Feedstock for Biodiesel Production. Journal of fuels, P. 8. |
| [14] | Babatunde, O. A. & Bello, G. S. (2016). Comparative assessment of some Physicochemical Properties of Groundnut and Palm Oils Sold Within Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry. 9 (11), 2278-5736. |
| [15] | Ackman, R. G. (1998). Laboratory preparation of conjugated linoleic acids. Journal Of The American Oil Chemists’ Society. 75, 541–545. |
| [16] | Lepage, G. & Roy, C. C. (1986). Direct transesterification of all classes of lipids in a one-step reaction. Journal of Lipid Research. 27, 114–120. |
| [17] | Masood, A., Stark, K. D. & Salem Jr, N. (2005). A simplified and efficient method for the analysis of fatty acid methyl esters suitable for large clinical studies. Journal of Lipid Research. 46, 2299–2305. |
| [18] | Ichihara, K. & Fukubayashi, Y. (2010). Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters for gas-liquid chromatography. Journal of Lipid Research. 51, 635–640. |
| [19] | Issariyakul, T., Kulkarni, M. G., Meher, L. C., Dalai, A. K. & Bakhshi, N. N. (2008). Biodiesel production from mixtures of canola oil and used cooking oil. Chemical Engineering Journal. 140, 77–85. |
| [20] | Omeje, K. O., Iroha, O. K., Edeke, A. A., Omeje, H. C. & Apeh, V. O. (2019). Characterization and fatty acid profile analysis of oil extracted from unexploited seed of African star apple (Udara). OCL, 26 (10), 1-5. |
| [21] | Gharby, S., Harhar, H., Bouzoubaa, Z., Roudani, A., Chafchaouni, I., Kartah, B. & Charrouf, Z. (2014). Effet des Polyphénols extraits des margines sur la stabilité de l’huile de tournesol (Effect of Polyphenols extracts from margins on the stability of sunflower oil). J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 5 (2), 464-469. |
| [22] | Pouyet, B. & Ollivier, V. (2014). Réglementations sur l’étiquetage et la présentation des huiles d’olive. OCL, 21 (5), 1-7. |
| [23] | Ozcan, M. M., Gumuscu, A. F. Er., Arslan, D. & Ozkalp, B. (2010). Chemical and fatty acid composition of Cyperus esculentus. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 46, 276-277. |
| [24] | Yeboah, S. O., Mitei, Y. C., Ngila, J. C., Wessjohann, L. & Schmidt, J. (2012). Compositional and structural studies of the oils from two edible seeds: Tiger nut, Cyperus esculentum and asiato, Pachira insignis, from Ghana. Food Research International. 47, 259-266. |
| [25] | Owolabi, J. B., Alabi, K. A. & Lajide, L. (2015). Synthesis and characterization of copper metal soaps from Thevetia peruviana and Hura crepitans seed oils. Scientific research and Essays. 10 (23), 649-654. |
| [26] | Di Vaio, C., Nocerino, S., Paduano, A. & Sacchi, R. (2012). Influence of some environmental factors on drupe maturation and olive oil composition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93 (5), 1134-1139. |
| [27] | Redondo-Cuevas, L., Castellano, G., Torrens, F. & Raikos, V. (2018). Revealing the relationship between vegetable oil composition and oxidative stability: A multifactorial approach. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 66, 221-229. |
| [28] | Umoren, S. A., Ajibersin, K. K. & Bala, D. N. (2001). Physico-chemical properties of the seed and seed oil of Hura crepitans. Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences. 1 (2), 23-26. |
| [29] | Oyekunle, J. A. O. & Omode, A. A. (2008). Chemical composition and fatty acid profile ofthe lipid fractions of selected Nigerian indigenous oil seeds. International Journal of Food Properties. 11, 273–281. |
| [30] | Ezeh, I. E., Umoren, S. A., Essien, E. E. & Udoh, A. P. (2012). Studies on the utilization of Hura crepitans L. seed oil in the preparation of alkydresins. Industrial Crops and Products. 36, 94–99. |
| [31] | CIRAD. (2014). Technical guide for the use of vegetable fuel in stationary engines. Harmattan Burkina, P. 111. |
| [32] | Richard, R. (2011). Transestérification éthanolique d'huile végétale dans des microréacteurs: transposition du batch au continu. Thèse de doctorat: Université de Toulouse (France). |
| [33] | Mengata Mengounou, G. (2017). Elaboration et caractérisation d’un liquide isolant naturel à base d’huile de palmistes conditionnée, Thèse de doctoratde l’Université de Douala. |
| [34] | Nitièma-Yefanova, S., Coniglio, L., Schneider, R., Nébié, R. H. C. & Bonzi-Coulibaly, Y. L. (2016). Ethyl biodiesel production from non-edible oils of Balanites aegyptiaca, Azadirachta indica, and Jatropha curcas seeds - Laboratory scale development. Renewable Energy. 96 (Part A), 881-890. |
| [35] | Lu, H., Liu, Y., Zhou, H., Yang, Y., Chen, M. & Liang, B. (2009). Production of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas L. oil. Computers and Chemical Engineering. 33, 1091–1096. |
| [36] | Santos, F. F. P., Rodrigues, S. & Fernandes, F. A. N. (2009). Optimization of the production of biodiesel from soybean oil by ultrasound assisted methanolysis. Fuel processing technology. 90, 312–316. |
APA Style
Assou Sidohounde, Guevara Nonviho, Fifa Theomaine Diane Bothon, Papin Sourou Montcho, Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Dossa, et al. (2019). Biodiesel Synthesis by Ethanolysis of Hura crepitans Seed Oil Unfit for Consumption in Benin. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 8(3), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11
ACS Style
Assou Sidohounde; Guevara Nonviho; Fifa Theomaine Diane Bothon; Papin Sourou Montcho; Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Dossa, et al. Biodiesel Synthesis by Ethanolysis of Hura crepitans Seed Oil Unfit for Consumption in Benin. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2019, 8(3), 50-57. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11
AMA Style
Assou Sidohounde, Guevara Nonviho, Fifa Theomaine Diane Bothon, Papin Sourou Montcho, Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Dossa, et al. Biodiesel Synthesis by Ethanolysis of Hura crepitans Seed Oil Unfit for Consumption in Benin. Am J Phys Chem. 2019;8(3):50-57. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11,
author = {Assou Sidohounde and Guevara Nonviho and Fifa Theomaine Diane Bothon and Papin Sourou Montcho and Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Dossa and Leopold Tchiakpe and Dominique Codjo Koko Sohounhloue},
title = {Biodiesel Synthesis by Ethanolysis of Hura crepitans Seed Oil Unfit for Consumption in Benin},
journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {50-57},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20190803.11},
abstract = {To reduce fossil fuel dependence and greenhouse gases, biomass energy is in high demand. Hura crepitans (HC) is a widely distributed plant species in Benin. But its seed oils are reputed to be purgative and unfit for consumption. So, we collected the seeds of HC in Agame (South of Benin). They were extracted and the seed oils have been converted into biodiesel. First, the quality indices (acid, peroxide, iodine and saponification) were determined. Then, elementary physicochemical parameters and fuel properties of the extracted oil have been highlighted according to standardised methods. Transesterification parameters of the seed oils (alcohol/oil and catalyst/oil ratios, temperature and yield) were also studied. The fatty acids of vegetable oil and the characteristics of its obtained biodiesel were finally identified. It appears that HC seeds have a lipid potential of 52.54%. Its oil is unsaturated and dominated by linoleic acid (54.13%). The yield of the transesterification reaction is 81.47%. The fuel parameters of the obtained biodiesel are: acidity (0.41%); density at 26°C (0.887); cetane number (54.44) compared to those of HC seed oils: acidity (4.81%), density at 26°C (0.929) and cetane number (44.53). The biodiesel obtained by transesterification with potash has much better parameters that comply with biodiesel standards. These results suggest that biodiesel of HC could be proposed to power Diesel engines without a preheating system.},
year = {2019}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Biodiesel Synthesis by Ethanolysis of Hura crepitans Seed Oil Unfit for Consumption in Benin AU - Assou Sidohounde AU - Guevara Nonviho AU - Fifa Theomaine Diane Bothon AU - Papin Sourou Montcho AU - Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Dossa AU - Leopold Tchiakpe AU - Dominique Codjo Koko Sohounhloue Y1 - 2019/10/20 PY - 2019 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11 T2 - American Journal of Physical Chemistry JF - American Journal of Physical Chemistry JO - American Journal of Physical Chemistry SP - 50 EP - 57 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-2449 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190803.11 AB - To reduce fossil fuel dependence and greenhouse gases, biomass energy is in high demand. Hura crepitans (HC) is a widely distributed plant species in Benin. But its seed oils are reputed to be purgative and unfit for consumption. So, we collected the seeds of HC in Agame (South of Benin). They were extracted and the seed oils have been converted into biodiesel. First, the quality indices (acid, peroxide, iodine and saponification) were determined. Then, elementary physicochemical parameters and fuel properties of the extracted oil have been highlighted according to standardised methods. Transesterification parameters of the seed oils (alcohol/oil and catalyst/oil ratios, temperature and yield) were also studied. The fatty acids of vegetable oil and the characteristics of its obtained biodiesel were finally identified. It appears that HC seeds have a lipid potential of 52.54%. Its oil is unsaturated and dominated by linoleic acid (54.13%). The yield of the transesterification reaction is 81.47%. The fuel parameters of the obtained biodiesel are: acidity (0.41%); density at 26°C (0.887); cetane number (54.44) compared to those of HC seed oils: acidity (4.81%), density at 26°C (0.929) and cetane number (44.53). The biodiesel obtained by transesterification with potash has much better parameters that comply with biodiesel standards. These results suggest that biodiesel of HC could be proposed to power Diesel engines without a preheating system. VL - 8 IS - 3 ER -
Email: