Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria

Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh; Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16

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Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria

Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh, Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 1, Issue 3)

Received: 29 September 2013 Published: 30 October 2013

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Abstract

Background: Abdominal obesity is socially and culturally not recognized as a health problem in Nigeria. However, the deleterious effects of abdominal obesity are on the cardio-metabolic disorders such as hypertension, dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia. Of great concern in rural Nigeria is that most adult patients with abdominal obesity are not routinely diagnosed and therefore do not receive appropriate management Aim: This study was designed to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity in adult Nigerian Africans and its co-occurrence with cardio-metabolic risk factors in a resource poor setting of a rural hospital in Eastern Nigeria Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out from June 2008 to June 2011. A total of 3012 adult patients aged 18-91 years were screened for abdominal obesity using the third report of National Cholesterol Education Panel(NCEP) in adult (ATP III) criterion and 350 patients who had WC ≥102cm and ≥88cm for men and women respectively were screened for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were defined using JNC 7, American Diabetic Association and the third report of NCEP in adult (ATP III) criteria respectively. The data collected included basic demographic variables, blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting lipid profile and plasma glucose. Results: .The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 11.6%. The most common co-occurring primary cardio-metabolic risk factor was hypertension (44.6%). Others included isolated dyslipidaemia(22.6%) and diabetes mellitus(7.1%). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity exists among the study population and co-occurred with cardio-metabolic risk factors with hypertension being the most frequent and diabetes the least. Abdominal obesity should be considered during clinical encounter with adult Nigerians in the study area alongside the complex of other primary cardio-metabolic risk factors.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16
Page(s)	73-80
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Abdominal Obesity, Adult Nigerians, Co-Occurring Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors, Rural Hospital

References

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Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh, Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma. (2013). Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria. American Journal of Health Research, 1(3), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16

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ACS Style

Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh; Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma. Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria. Am. J. Health Res. 2013, 1(3), 73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16

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AMA Style

Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh, Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma. Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria. Am J Health Res. 2013;1(3):73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16,
  author = {Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh and Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma},
  title = {Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {73-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20130103.16},
  abstract = {Background: Abdominal obesity is socially and culturally not recognized as a health problem in Nigeria. However, the deleterious effects of abdominal obesity are on the cardio-metabolic disorders such as hypertension, dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia.  Of great concern in rural Nigeria is that most adult patients with abdominal obesity are not routinely diagnosed and therefore do not receive appropriate management Aim: This study was designed to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity in adult Nigerian Africans and its co-occurrence with cardio-metabolic risk factors in a resource poor setting of a rural hospital in Eastern Nigeria Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out from June 2008 to June 2011. A total of 3012 adult patients aged 18-91 years were screened for abdominal obesity using the third report of National Cholesterol Education Panel(NCEP) in adult (ATP III) criterion and 350 patients who had WC ≥102cm and ≥88cm for men and women respectively were screened for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were defined using JNC 7, American Diabetic Association and the third report of NCEP in adult (ATP III) criteria respectively.  The data collected included basic demographic variables, blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting lipid profile and plasma glucose. Results: .The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 11.6%. The most common co-occurring primary cardio-metabolic risk factor was hypertension (44.6%). Others included isolated dyslipidaemia(22.6%) and diabetes mellitus(7.1%). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity exists among the study population and co-occurred with cardio-metabolic risk factors with hypertension being the most frequent and diabetes the least. Abdominal obesity should be considered during clinical encounter with adult Nigerians in the study area alongside the complex of other primary cardio-metabolic risk factors.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria
AU  - Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh
AU  - Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16
AB  - Background: Abdominal obesity is socially and culturally not recognized as a health problem in Nigeria. However, the deleterious effects of abdominal obesity are on the cardio-metabolic disorders such as hypertension, dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia.  Of great concern in rural Nigeria is that most adult patients with abdominal obesity are not routinely diagnosed and therefore do not receive appropriate management Aim: This study was designed to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity in adult Nigerian Africans and its co-occurrence with cardio-metabolic risk factors in a resource poor setting of a rural hospital in Eastern Nigeria Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out from June 2008 to June 2011. A total of 3012 adult patients aged 18-91 years were screened for abdominal obesity using the third report of National Cholesterol Education Panel(NCEP) in adult (ATP III) criterion and 350 patients who had WC ≥102cm and ≥88cm for men and women respectively were screened for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were defined using JNC 7, American Diabetic Association and the third report of NCEP in adult (ATP III) criteria respectively.  The data collected included basic demographic variables, blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting lipid profile and plasma glucose. Results: .The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 11.6%. The most common co-occurring primary cardio-metabolic risk factor was hypertension (44.6%). Others included isolated dyslipidaemia(22.6%) and diabetes mellitus(7.1%). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity exists among the study population and co-occurred with cardio-metabolic risk factors with hypertension being the most frequent and diabetes the least. Abdominal obesity should be considered during clinical encounter with adult Nigerians in the study area alongside the complex of other primary cardio-metabolic risk factors.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh

Department of Family Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Abia state, Nigeria
Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma

Department of Family Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Abakiliki, Nigeria

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Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh, Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma. (2013). Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria. American Journal of Health Research, 1(3), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16

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ACS Style

Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh; Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma. Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria. Am. J. Health Res. 2013, 1(3), 73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16

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AMA Style

Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh, Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma. Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria. Am J Health Res. 2013;1(3):73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16,
  author = {Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh and Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma},
  title = {Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {73-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20130103.16},
  abstract = {Background: Abdominal obesity is socially and culturally not recognized as a health problem in Nigeria. However, the deleterious effects of abdominal obesity are on the cardio-metabolic disorders such as hypertension, dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia.  Of great concern in rural Nigeria is that most adult patients with abdominal obesity are not routinely diagnosed and therefore do not receive appropriate management Aim: This study was designed to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity in adult Nigerian Africans and its co-occurrence with cardio-metabolic risk factors in a resource poor setting of a rural hospital in Eastern Nigeria Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out from June 2008 to June 2011. A total of 3012 adult patients aged 18-91 years were screened for abdominal obesity using the third report of National Cholesterol Education Panel(NCEP) in adult (ATP III) criterion and 350 patients who had WC ≥102cm and ≥88cm for men and women respectively were screened for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were defined using JNC 7, American Diabetic Association and the third report of NCEP in adult (ATP III) criteria respectively.  The data collected included basic demographic variables, blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting lipid profile and plasma glucose. Results: .The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 11.6%. The most common co-occurring primary cardio-metabolic risk factor was hypertension (44.6%). Others included isolated dyslipidaemia(22.6%) and diabetes mellitus(7.1%). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity exists among the study population and co-occurred with cardio-metabolic risk factors with hypertension being the most frequent and diabetes the least. Abdominal obesity should be considered during clinical encounter with adult Nigerians in the study area alongside the complex of other primary cardio-metabolic risk factors.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Abdominal Obesity in Adult Nigerian Africans: Prevalence and Co-Occurrence with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Resource Poor Setting of a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria
AU  - Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh
AU  - Augustin Obiora Ikwudinma
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16
T2  - American Journal of Health Research
JF  - American Journal of Health Research
JO  - American Journal of Health Research
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8796
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20130103.16
AB  - Background: Abdominal obesity is socially and culturally not recognized as a health problem in Nigeria. However, the deleterious effects of abdominal obesity are on the cardio-metabolic disorders such as hypertension, dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia.  Of great concern in rural Nigeria is that most adult patients with abdominal obesity are not routinely diagnosed and therefore do not receive appropriate management Aim: This study was designed to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity in adult Nigerian Africans and its co-occurrence with cardio-metabolic risk factors in a resource poor setting of a rural hospital in Eastern Nigeria Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out from June 2008 to June 2011. A total of 3012 adult patients aged 18-91 years were screened for abdominal obesity using the third report of National Cholesterol Education Panel(NCEP) in adult (ATP III) criterion and 350 patients who had WC ≥102cm and ≥88cm for men and women respectively were screened for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were defined using JNC 7, American Diabetic Association and the third report of NCEP in adult (ATP III) criteria respectively.  The data collected included basic demographic variables, blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting lipid profile and plasma glucose. Results: .The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 11.6%. The most common co-occurring primary cardio-metabolic risk factor was hypertension (44.6%). Others included isolated dyslipidaemia(22.6%) and diabetes mellitus(7.1%). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity exists among the study population and co-occurred with cardio-metabolic risk factors with hypertension being the most frequent and diabetes the least. Abdominal obesity should be considered during clinical encounter with adult Nigerians in the study area alongside the complex of other primary cardio-metabolic risk factors.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

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