Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria

Egbe Friday Andrew; Unam Nse Friday; Egbe Kingsley Andrew; Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah; Ekwom Edith Silas; Unah Victor Unah

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria

Egbe Friday Andrew, Unam Nse Friday, Egbe Kingsley Andrew, Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah, Ekwom Edith Silas, Unah Victor Unah

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 10 August 2018 Accepted: 21 September 2018 Published: 25 October 2018

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Abstract

In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.

Published in	American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
Page(s)	90-95
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cesarean Sites, Staphylococcus Aureus, Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile

References

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[3]	T. C. Horan, R. P. Gaynes, W. J. Martone, W. R. Jarvis, T. G. Emori, “CDC definitions of noscomial surgical site infections: a modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections,” Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, vol.13, pp. 606-608, 1992.
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[11]	A. P. Betrán, M. Merialdi, J. A. Lauer, W. Bing‐Shun, J. Thomas, P. Van Look, M. Wagner, “Rates of caesarean section: analysis of global, regional and national estimates,” . Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, vol. 21, pp. 98-113, 2007.
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APA Style

Egbe Friday Andrew, Unam Nse Friday, Egbe Kingsley Andrew, Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah, Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. (2018). Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 6(4), 90-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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ACS Style

Egbe Friday Andrew; Unam Nse Friday; Egbe Kingsley Andrew; Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah; Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2018, 6(4), 90-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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AMA Style

Egbe Friday Andrew, Unam Nse Friday, Egbe Kingsley Andrew, Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah, Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2018;6(4):90-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15,
  author = {Egbe Friday Andrew and Unam Nse Friday and Egbe Kingsley Andrew and Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah and Ekwom Edith Silas and Unah Victor Unah},
  title = {Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {90-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20180604.15},
  abstract = {In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria
AU  - Egbe Friday Andrew
AU  - Unam Nse Friday
AU  - Egbe Kingsley Andrew
AU  - Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah
AU  - Ekwom Edith Silas
AU  - Unah Victor Unah
Y1  - 2018/10/25
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 90
EP  - 95
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
AB  - In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Egbe Friday Andrew

Department of Public Health, Institute of Federal Capital Territory Administration, Abuja, Nigeria
Unam Nse Friday

Department of Research, Federal Ministry of Health Institute, Abuja, Nigeria
Egbe Kingsley Andrew

Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah

Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Ekwom Edith Silas

Department of Biological Science, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria
Unah Victor Unah

Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

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APA Style

Egbe Friday Andrew, Unam Nse Friday, Egbe Kingsley Andrew, Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah, Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. (2018). Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 6(4), 90-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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ACS Style

Egbe Friday Andrew; Unam Nse Friday; Egbe Kingsley Andrew; Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah; Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2018, 6(4), 90-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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AMA Style

Egbe Friday Andrew, Unam Nse Friday, Egbe Kingsley Andrew, Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah, Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2018;6(4):90-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15,
  author = {Egbe Friday Andrew and Unam Nse Friday and Egbe Kingsley Andrew and Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah and Ekwom Edith Silas and Unah Victor Unah},
  title = {Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {90-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20180604.15},
  abstract = {In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria
AU  - Egbe Friday Andrew
AU  - Unam Nse Friday
AU  - Egbe Kingsley Andrew
AU  - Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah
AU  - Ekwom Edith Silas
AU  - Unah Victor Unah
Y1  - 2018/10/25
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 90
EP  - 95
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
AB  - In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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