The Life Tables of <i>Dactylopius Coccus Costa </i> (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities

Zhonghe Zhang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16

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The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities

Zhonghe Zhang

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 2 February 2017 Accepted: 16 February 2017 Published: 2 March 2017

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Abstract

A laboratory study on the life tables at different temperatures and humidities of the cochineal, Dactylopius coccus Costa, is summarized to reveal proper culturing environtment for the insect. It is found that constant temperature 19°C and 31°C are not suitable for cochineal culture while constant temperature 22°C, 25°C and 28°C are appropriate. Among them, 22°C is the most ideal temperature. In the experiments of humidity, the results show that under 90% RH, the number of the female adult of cochineal in the population is the most, and 70% RH is the next, while 50% RH is the lowest, it demonstrates that high humidity can be helpful for the insect. The main death period of the cochineal is from egg to the first instar, which death rate can be over 70%, it means that more attention should be paid to the period to decrease the death rate when the insect is cultured.

Published in	Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16
Page(s)	45-48
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dactylopius Coccus Costa, Life Table, Temperature, Humidity, Population, Death Rate

References

[1]	BRUTSCH, M., ZIMMERMANN H. [1993]: The prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica [Cactaceae]) in South Africa: utilization of the naturalized weed, and of the cultivated plants. Economic Botany, 47 (2): 154~162.
[2]	CHEN HAI-YOU, ZHANG ZHONG-HE, YE SHOU-DE, YANG GUANG-CAN. [2013]: The Cultivation Situation of Cochineal in the World. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), 35 (supplement): 16~20.
[3]	CHEN HAI-YOU, ZHANG ZHONG-HE. [2014]: Research on methods of cultivating cochineal（Dactylopius Coccus Costa）. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 51 (2): 562~572.
[4]	GEMA, P. G., MICHAEL K. [1992]: Biosystematics of the family Dactylopiidae (Homoptera: Coccinea) with emphasis on the life cycle of Dactylopius Coccus Costa. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University: Bulletin No. 92-1: 1~5.
[5]	GILREATH, M. E., SMITH, J. W, JR. [1987]: Bionomics of Dactylopius confusus (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 80 (6): 768~774.
[6]	GIUSEPPE, B., PAOLO, I., EULOGIO, P. [1996]: Agro-ecology, cultivation and uses of cactus pear. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, 167~184.
[7]	HOSKING, J. R. [1984]: The effect of temperature on the population growth potential of Dactylopius austrinus De Lotto (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae), on Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society. 23 (2): 133~139.
[8]	LOTTO, D. [1974]: On the status and identity of the cochineal insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Dactylopiidae). Journal of the entomological society of southern Africa. 37 (1): 167~193.
[9]	MARIN, L. R., & CISNEROS V. F. [1977]: Biology and morphology of the cochineal insect, Dactylopius coccus Costa (Homopt.: Dactylopiidae). Revista Peruana de Entomologia. 20 (1): 115~120.
[10]	MORAN, V. C, HOFFMANN, J, H. [1987]: The effects of simulated and natural rainfall on cochineal insects (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae): colony distribution and survival on cactus cladodes. Ecological Entomology. 12 (1): 61~68.
[11]	SULLIVAN, P. R. [1990]: Population growth potential of Dactylopius ceylonicus Green (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) on Opuntia vulgaris Miller. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society. 29 (2): 123~129.
[12]	ZIMMERMANN, H. [1988]: Red dye from an invader cactus weed. Plant Protection News, South Africa, (13): 1~2.
[13]	ZIMMERMANN, H. [1995]: Underrated plant may become a money spinner. Plant Protection News, (42): 9~10.

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Zhonghe Zhang. (2017). The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 6(1), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16

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ACS Style

Zhonghe Zhang. The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities. Agric. For. Fish. 2017, 6(1), 45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16

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AMA Style

Zhonghe Zhang. The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities. Agric For Fish. 2017;6(1):45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16

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@article{10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16,
  author = {Zhonghe Zhang},
  title = {The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa  (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {45-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20170601.16},
  abstract = {A laboratory study on the life tables at different temperatures and humidities of the cochineal, Dactylopius coccus Costa, is summarized to reveal proper culturing environtment for the insect. It is found that constant temperature 19°C and 31°C are not suitable for cochineal culture while constant temperature 22°C, 25°C and 28°C are appropriate. Among them, 22°C is the most ideal temperature. In the experiments of humidity, the results show that under 90% RH, the number of the female adult of cochineal in the population is the most, and 70% RH is the next, while 50% RH is the lowest, it demonstrates that high humidity can be helpful for the insect. The main death period of the cochineal is from egg to the first instar, which death rate can be over 70%, it means that more attention should be paid to the period to decrease the death rate when the insect is cultured.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa  (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities
AU  - Zhonghe Zhang
Y1  - 2017/03/02
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 45
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16
AB  - A laboratory study on the life tables at different temperatures and humidities of the cochineal, Dactylopius coccus Costa, is summarized to reveal proper culturing environtment for the insect. It is found that constant temperature 19°C and 31°C are not suitable for cochineal culture while constant temperature 22°C, 25°C and 28°C are appropriate. Among them, 22°C is the most ideal temperature. In the experiments of humidity, the results show that under 90% RH, the number of the female adult of cochineal in the population is the most, and 70% RH is the next, while 50% RH is the lowest, it demonstrates that high humidity can be helpful for the insect. The main death period of the cochineal is from egg to the first instar, which death rate can be over 70%, it means that more attention should be paid to the period to decrease the death rate when the insect is cultured.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Zhonghe Zhang

Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Zhonghe Zhang. (2017). The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 6(1), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16

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ACS Style

Zhonghe Zhang. The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities. Agric. For. Fish. 2017, 6(1), 45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16

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AMA Style

Zhonghe Zhang. The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities. Agric For Fish. 2017;6(1):45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16

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@article{10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16,
  author = {Zhonghe Zhang},
  title = {The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa  (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {45-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20170601.16},
  abstract = {A laboratory study on the life tables at different temperatures and humidities of the cochineal, Dactylopius coccus Costa, is summarized to reveal proper culturing environtment for the insect. It is found that constant temperature 19°C and 31°C are not suitable for cochineal culture while constant temperature 22°C, 25°C and 28°C are appropriate. Among them, 22°C is the most ideal temperature. In the experiments of humidity, the results show that under 90% RH, the number of the female adult of cochineal in the population is the most, and 70% RH is the next, while 50% RH is the lowest, it demonstrates that high humidity can be helpful for the insect. The main death period of the cochineal is from egg to the first instar, which death rate can be over 70%, it means that more attention should be paid to the period to decrease the death rate when the insect is cultured.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Life Tables of Dactylopius Coccus Costa  (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae) at Different Temperatures and Humidities
AU  - Zhonghe Zhang
Y1  - 2017/03/02
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 45
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170601.16
AB  - A laboratory study on the life tables at different temperatures and humidities of the cochineal, Dactylopius coccus Costa, is summarized to reveal proper culturing environtment for the insect. It is found that constant temperature 19°C and 31°C are not suitable for cochineal culture while constant temperature 22°C, 25°C and 28°C are appropriate. Among them, 22°C is the most ideal temperature. In the experiments of humidity, the results show that under 90% RH, the number of the female adult of cochineal in the population is the most, and 70% RH is the next, while 50% RH is the lowest, it demonstrates that high humidity can be helpful for the insect. The main death period of the cochineal is from egg to the first instar, which death rate can be over 70%, it means that more attention should be paid to the period to decrease the death rate when the insect is cultured.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download